Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies specific fragment of DNA molecules and has been extensively applied in fields of pathogens and gene mutation detection, food safety and clinical diagnosis which on the other hand, holds the drawbacks of large size instrument, high heat dissipation etc. It has been demonstrated that microfluidics technique coupling with PCR reaction exhibits characteristics of integration, automatization, miniaturization, and portability. Meanwhile, various designed fabrication of microchip could contribute to diverse applications. In this review, we summarized major works about a variety of microfluidic chips equipped with several kinds of PCR techniques (PCR, RT-PCR, mPCR, dPCR) and detection methods like fluorescence, electrochemistry, and electrophoresis detection. The development and application of PCR-based microfluidic chip in pathogen and gene mutation detection, diseases prevention and diagnosis, DNA hybridization and low-volume sample treatment were also discussed.

聚合酶链式反应（PCR）扩增DNA分子的特定片段，已广泛应用于病原体和基因突变检测、食品安全和临床诊断等领域，但存在仪器体积大、散热高等缺点。已经证明，微流控技术与PCR反应耦合具有集成化、自动化、小型化和便携化的特点。同时，各种设计的微芯片制造可以有助于不同的应用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了各种微流控芯片的主要工作，这些芯片配备了几种PCR技术（PCR、RT-PCR、mPCR、dPCR）和荧光、电化学、电泳检测等检测方法。