Iron-based metal-organic framework (MIL-100) with intrinsic high surface area and low cost is extremely attractive in the field of organic pollutant remediation. Herein, delignified balsa wood is utilized as substrate/support for the in situ growth and dispersion of MIL-100 particles. Results demonstrate that the MIL-100 particles adhere tightly to the support and a hierarchal architecture is constructed. The MIL-100@Wood composite can be used as adsorbent and filter for the alleviation of organic contamination. With 25.4 wt% of MIL-100 loading, the MIL-100 decorated delignified wood (MD-Wood) exhibits a tetracycline (TC) adsorption capacity of 109.9 mg/g. The composite MD-Wood can be easily fabricated into an all-in-one filter and this filter presents an effective treatable volume of 1100 mL of TC solution (20 mg/L). The MD-Wood is further deposited with Ag particles and the Ag@MD-Wood can be directly applied for the flow catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Moreover, the composite woods are facile to regenerate and possess superior reusability and stability.