A series of novel 1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxy-1-phosphabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (PEPA)-functionalized metallophthalocyanines (PEPA-MPcs, M = Al, Co, Ni, Zn, and Ce) have been successfully synthesized and characterized. The obtained PEPA-MPcs were added to epoxy resin (EP) to prepare a variety of flame retardant composites (EPP-MPcs) and their thermal behavior and flame retardancy were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the limiting oxygen index (LOI), and cone calorimetry. The flame-retardant mechanism was systematically analyzed in the gas and condensed phases, respectively. The highest LOI value of EP containing 2 wt.% PEPA-MPcs was increased by 19% to 27.6% when compared to pure EP. The peak of heat release rate (pHRR) and the total heat release (THR) values observed for EPP-AlPc were reduced by 64.3% and 48.6%, respectively. The main flame retardant mechanism of the PEPA-MPcs is the synergistic effect of the P and N atoms, including the dilution of highly non-flammable gases in the gas phase and the formation of an intumescent char layer from the condensed phase. Furthermore, the char residues of the EPP-MPcs were significantly increased via the catalysis and surface enrichment of the metal atoms, which reduced the fire hazards of the EP composites. In addition, the EPP-MPcs exhibit excellent mechanical properties and uniform dispersions. This work provides a new approach to the preparation of metal containing/non–halogen/phosphorus-containing flame retardants.

一系列新型 1-oxo-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxy-1-phosphabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (PEPA)-functionalized metallophthalocyanines (PEPA-MPcs, M = Al, Co, Ni, Zn 和 Ce) 已成功合成和表征。将得到的 PEPA-MPcs 添加到环氧树脂 (EP) 中制备多种阻燃复合材料 (EPP-MPcs) 并使用热重分析 (TGA)、极限氧指数 (LOI)、和锥形量热法。分别在气相和凝聚相中系统地分析了阻燃机理。与纯 EP 相比，含有 2 wt.% PEPA-MPcs 的 EP 的最高 LOI 值增加了 19% 至 27.6%。观察到 EPP-AlPc 的放热率峰值 (pHRR) 和总放热 (THR) 值分别降低了 64.3% 和 48.6%，分别。PEPA-MPcs的主要阻燃机理是P和N原子的协同作用，包括气相中高度不可燃气体的稀释和凝聚相形成膨胀炭层。此外，EPP-MPcs的焦炭残留量通过金属原子的催化和表面富集显着增加，从而降低了EP复合材料的火灾隐患。此外，EPP-MPcs 表现出优异的机械性能和均匀的分散性。这项工作为制备含金属/非卤素/含磷阻燃剂提供了一种新方法。包括在气相中稀释高度不可燃气体和从冷凝相中形成膨胀炭层。此外，EPP-MPcs的焦炭残留量通过金属原子的催化和表面富集显着增加，从而降低了EP复合材料的火灾隐患。此外，EPP-MPcs 表现出优异的机械性能和均匀的分散性。这项工作为制备含金属/非卤素/含磷阻燃剂提供了一种新方法。包括在气相中稀释高度不可燃气体和从冷凝相中形成膨胀炭层。此外，EPP-MPcs的焦炭残留量通过金属原子的催化和表面富集显着增加，从而降低了EP复合材料的火灾隐患。此外，EPP-MPcs 表现出优异的机械性能和均匀的分散性。这项工作为制备含金属/非卤素/含磷阻燃剂提供了一种新方法。EPP-MPcs 表现出优异的机械性能和均匀的分散性。这项工作为制备含金属/非卤素/含磷阻燃剂提供了一种新方法。EPP-MPcs 表现出优异的机械性能和均匀的分散性。这项工作为制备含金属/非卤素/含磷阻燃剂提供了一种新方法。