Emerging roles of RNA–RNA interactions in transcriptional regulation,WIREs RNA

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Emerging roles of RNA–RNA interactions in transcriptional regulation
WIREs RNA ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-18 , DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1712
Di Wang _{1,

2} , Rong Ye _{1,

2} , Zhaokui Cai ₁ , Yuanchao Xue _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Pervasive transcription of the human genome generates a massive amount of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that lack protein-coding potential but play crucial roles in development, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. To achieve these biological functions, ncRNAs must first fold into intricate structures via intramolecular RNA–RNA interactions (RRIs) and then interact with different RNA substrates via intermolecular RRIs. RRIs are usually facilitated, stabilized, or mediated by RNA-binding proteins. With this guiding principle, several protein-based high-throughput methods have been developed for unbiased mapping of defined or all RNA-binding protein-mediated RRIs in various species and cell lines. In addition, some chemical-based approaches are also powerful to detect RRIs globally based on the fact that RNA duplex can be cross-linked by psoralen or its derivative 4′-aminomethyltrioxsalen. These efforts have significantly expanded our understanding of RRIs in determining the specificity and variability of gene regulation. Here, we review the current knowledge of the regulatory roles of RRI, focusing on their emerging roles in transcriptional regulation and nuclear body formation.

中文翻译：

RNA-RNA相互作用在转录调控中的新兴作用

人类基因组的普遍转录会产生大量的非编码 RNA (ncRNA)，这些非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 缺乏蛋白质编码潜力，但在发育、分化和肿瘤发生中起着至关重要的作用。为了实现这些生物学功能，ncRNA 必须首先通过分子内 RNA-RNA 相互作用 (RRI) 折叠成复杂的结构，然后通过分子间 RRI 与不同的 RNA 底物相互作用。RRI 通常由 RNA 结合蛋白促进、稳定或介导。根据这一指导原则，已经开发了几种基于蛋白质的高通量方法，用于在各种物种和细胞系中对定义的或所有 RNA 结合蛋白介导的 RRI 进行无偏映射。此外，基于 RNA 双链体可以通过补骨脂素或其衍生物 4'-氨基甲基三氧沙林交联这一事实，一些基于化学的方法也可以有效地检测全球范围内的 RRI。这些努力极大地扩展了我们在确定基因调控的特异性和变异性方面对 RRI 的理解。在这里，我们回顾了当前对 RRI 调节作用的了解，重点关注它们在转录调节和核体形成中的新兴作用。

更新日期：2022-01-18

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