The study of hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) interactions can be traced back to over a century ago. Recent practices on H-bonding chemistry for constructing extended frameworks have led to the emergence of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). Rational combinations of molecular skeletons and hydrogen-bonded units result in HOFs with porosity or flexibility. HOF structures might be predicted through framework topology and tuned by adjusting linker lengths for getting isostructural HOFs, although there are some HOFs showing responsive flexibility for specific molecular recognitions. Besides, HOFs exhibit exceptional solution processability, easy healing, and purification. HOFs have thus been objects of extensive study over the past decade for diverse application scenarios, ranging from gas adsorption to catalysis, proton conduction, chemical sensing, and enzyme encapsulation. In this review, we not only outline the uniqueness and design principle of HOFs but also highlight the advances in both their structures and functions to promote this very important emerging topic.

氢键（H-bonding）相互作用的研究可以追溯到一个多世纪以前。最近关于构建扩展框架的氢键化学实践导致了氢键有机框架 (HOF) 的出现。分子骨架和氢键单元的合理组合产生具有孔隙率或柔韧性的HOF。HOF 结构可以通过框架拓扑结构进行预测，并通过调整接头长度来调整以获得同结构的 HOF，尽管有一些 HOF 显示出对特定分子识别的响应灵活性。此外，HOFs 表现出出色的溶液加工性、易于愈合和纯化。因此，在过去十年中，HOF 已成为广泛研究的对象，适用于各种应用场景，从气体吸附到催化、质子传导、化学传感和酶封装。在这篇综述中，我们不仅概述了 HOF 的独特性和设计原则，还强调了它们在结构和功能方面的进步，以促进这一非常重要的新兴话题。