T2 毒素的最新进展：代谢、免疫毒性机制和人体肠道微生物群暴露评估,Heliyon

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T2 毒素的最新进展：代谢、免疫毒性机制和人体肠道微生物群暴露评估
Heliyon ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10012
Jie Zhang ₁ , Xuerun Liu ₁ , Ying Su ₁ , Tushuai Li ₂

Affiliation

霉菌毒素是真菌自然产生的次生代谢产物或高度多样化的低分子有机化合物，可引起人类和动物的霉菌中毒（食品污染）。 T-2毒素只是属于真菌单端孢菌素霉菌毒素的代谢产物之一。具体而言，镰刀菌属的单端孢菌素-2 (T-2) 霉菌毒素被认为是全球最热门的农产品和致癌化合物之一。众所周知的例子有小鼠和猪的沙门氏菌病、鸡的坏死性肠炎、鲶鱼肠道败血症和猪的大肠杆菌病。另一方面，它显示出猪肠道中沙门氏菌种群的适应性显着降低。尽管过量的镰刀菌污染物对人类造成传染病的影响不太为人所知，但有些毒素是有害的。例如，在人类中经常观察到沙门氏菌病和大肠杆菌病。摄入后会合成并排出20多种不同的代谢物，但T-2毒素是最突出的代谢物之一。肠道中霉菌毒素的吸收较少，导致有毒代谢物生物转化为毒性较小的变体。除此之外，微生物群对有害霉菌毒素的影响不仅限于肠道，还可能损害人体其他重要器官。然而，微生物群的解毒被认为是净化动物和人类饲料污染的另一种方法。有毒代谢物的这些转化取决于代谢物的形成。这项研究在实验研究的基础上，关于微生物群和霉菌毒素之间的相互作用、其机制和实际应用的各个角度都是完整的。

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An update on T2-toxins: metabolism, immunotoxicity mechanism and human assessment exposure of intestinal microbiota

Mycotoxins are naturally produced secondary metabolites or low molecular organic compounds produced by fungus with high diversification, which cause mycotoxicosis (food contamination) in humans and animals. T-2 toxin is simply one of the metabolites belonging to fungi trichothecene mycotoxin. Specifically, Trichothecenes-2 (T-2) mycotoxin of genus fusarium is considered one of the most hotspot agricultural commodities and carcinogenic compounds worldwide. There are well-known examples of salmonellosis in mice and pigs, necrotic enteritis in chickens, catfish enteric septicemia and colibacillosis in pigs as T-2 toxic agent. On the other hand, it has shown a significant reduction in the Salmonella population's aptitude in the pig intestinal tract. Although the impact of the excess Fusarium contaminants on humans in creating infectious illness is less well-known, some toxins are harmful; for example, salmonellosis and colibacillosis have been frequently observed in humans. More than 20 different metabolites are synthesized and excreted after ingestion, but the T-2 toxin is one of the most protuberant metabolites. Less absorption of mycotoxins in intestinal tract results in biotransformation of toxic metabolites into less toxic variants. In addition to these, effects of microbiota on harmful mycotoxins are not limited to intestinal tract, it may harm the other human vital organs. However, detoxification of microbiota is considered as an alternative way to decontaminate the feed for both animals and humans. These transformations of toxic metabolites depend upon the formation of metabolites. This study is complete in all perspectives regarding interactions between microbiota and mycotoxins, their mechanism and practical applications based on experimental studies.

更新日期：2022-07-20

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