Traditional cotton water dyeing has a considerable ecological impact because of the use of water, but the available anhydrous cotton dyeing technologies cannot balance low recyclable energy consumption and excellent dyeing effects. In this study, a recyclable anhydrous cotton dyeing technology was designed and implemented by mixing supercritical carbon dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and ethanol for the first time. Compared to the existing anhydrous cotton dyeing technologies, the novel technology could simultaneously obtain low recyclable energy consumption and excellent dyeing effects, such as dye penetration, washing and crocking fastness, levelness, color depth control and color matching. The dye fixations of reactive dyes in the novel technology are 5.1%–26.4% higher than those in traditional water dyeing. Meanwhile, the energy consumption of the novel technology is only 70% of that of traditional water dyeing, and the comprehensive cost of materials and energy of the novel technology is only 56% of that of traditional water dyeing. It is a new green option with low energy consumption for cotton dyeing.

传统的棉水染色由于使用水而对生态产生了相当大的影响，但现有的无水棉染色技术无法兼顾低可回收能源消耗和出色的染色效果。本研究首次设计并实施了超临界二氧化碳、二甲亚砜和乙醇混合的可回收无水棉染色技术。与现有的无水棉染色技术相比，该新技术可同时获得低可回收能耗和优异的染色效果，如染料渗透、水洗和摩擦牢度、匀染性、色深控制和配色。新技术对活性染料的固色率比传统水染色高5.1%~26.4%。同时，新技术能耗仅为传统水染的70%，材料能源综合成本仅为传统水染的56%。是棉染色低能耗的绿色环保新选择。