Carbon Footprint of Bleached Softwood Fluff Pulp: Detailed Process Simulation and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment to Understand Carbon Emissions,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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Carbon Footprint of Bleached Softwood Fluff Pulp: Detailed Process Simulation and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment to Understand Carbon Emissions
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-07 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c00840
Rodrigo Buitrago-Tello ₁ , Richard A. Venditti ₁ , Hasan Jameel ₁ , Yuan Yao ₂ , Darlene Echeverria ₁

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Wood-based fluff pulp (FP) is the primary raw material for indispensable commodities, including hygienic products. FP substantially contributes to global warming due to the high manufacturing energy demand. Despite FP’s importance, the environmental implications of its manufacture have not been transparently explored. The present study provides the carbon footprint for FP cradle-to-manufacturing gate based on process simulation and environmental life cycle assessment The simulation tracks the anthropogenic and biogenic carbon across the mill’s areas. In addition, the implications of switching energy sources and key operational conditions are evaluated. The results show that 1 kg of FP produces 1.102 kg CO₂-equiv. Most of the biogenic carbon fed to the mill (52%) is used to produce steam and electricity. The study shows that switching from natural gas to residual biomass wood pellets represents a reduction of 13.4% of the CO₂-equiv emissions. This benefit is increased if wood pellets are used to achieve electrical power self-sufficiency, and even more benefit can be realized if the mill produces 20% surplus electricity to the grid. A critical parameter for global warming potential is the incoming biomass lignin content; the pulping of biomass with higher lignin content produces a black liquor with higher heating value and more solids burned in the recovery boiler, reducing the demand for external energy and thus reducing fossil-based greenhouse gas emissions.

中文翻译：

漂白软木绒毛浆的碳足迹：详细的过程模拟和环境生命周期评估以了解碳排放

木质绒毛浆 (FP) 是必不可少的商品（包括卫生用品）的主要原材料。由于高制造能源需求，FP 对全球变暖做出了重大贡献。尽管 FP 很重要，但其制造对环境的影响尚未得到透明的探索。本研究提供基于过程模拟和环境生命周期评估的 FP 从摇篮到制造门的碳足迹。模拟跟踪整个工厂区域的人为和生物碳。此外，还评估了切换能源和关键操作条件的影响。结果表明，1 kg FP 产生 1.102 kg CO ₂-等效。供给工厂的大部分生物碳（52%）用于生产蒸汽和电力。研究表明，从天然气转换为剩余的生物质木屑颗粒可以减少 13.4% 的 CO ₂当量排放。如果使用木屑颗粒实现电力自给自足，这种效益会增加，如果工厂为电网提供 20% 的剩余电力，则可以实现更多效益。全球变暖潜能值的一个关键参数是进入的生物质木质素含量；木质素含量较高的生物质制浆产生的黑液具有更高的热值和更多的固体在回收锅炉中燃烧，从而减少了对外部能源的需求，从而减少了基于化石的温室气体排放。

更新日期：2022-07-07

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