A novel series of 2-(2- oxoethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Biological activity results demonstrated that compound 10q showed the best inhibitory activity against AChE (IC₅₀ = 0.88 ± 0.78 μM), which was better than that of Huperzine-A, and its inhibitory effect on BuChE was weak (IC₅₀ = 10.0 ± 1.30 μM), which indicated that compound 10q was a dominant AChE inhibitor. In addition, the result of molecular docking study displayed that 10q could simultaneously bind to CAS and PAS sites of AChE, which was consistent with the mixed inhibition mode shown by the enzymatic kinetics study of 10q. Furthermore, the molecular properties of the target compounds were predicted online using the molinspiration server and pkCSM, The results exhibited that compound 10q had drug-like properties that satisfied the Lipinski's rule of five. Based on the bioactivity and molecular properties, compound 10q for further development was valuable.

设计、合成和评估了一系列新的 2-(2-氧代乙基)嘧啶-5-甲酰胺衍生物作为治疗阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂 (AChEI)。生物活性结果表明，化合物10q对AChE的抑制活性最好（IC ₅₀  = 0.88 ± 0.78 μM），优于石杉碱甲，对BuChE的抑制作用较弱（IC ₅₀  = 10.0 ± 1.30 μM ） )，这表明化合物10q是主要的 AChE 抑制剂。此外，分子对接研究结果显示，10q可以同时与 AChE 的 CAS 和 PAS 位点结合，这与10q的酶动力学研究显示的混合抑制模式一致。此外，利用molinspiration server和pkCSM对目标化合物的分子性质进行了在线预测，结果表明化合物10q具有满足Lipinski五法则的类药物性质。基于生物活性和分子特性，进一步开发的化合物10q是有价值的。