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Microscopic (LM and SEM) visualization of pollen ultrastructure among honeybee flora from lower Margalla Hills and allied areas
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-25 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24187 Aqeela Zafar 1 , Muhammad Zafar 1 , Mushtaq Ahmad 1, 2 , Amir Muhammad Khan 3, 4 , Tariq Mahmood 5 , Omer Kilic 6 , Anam Fatima 3 , Darima Habib 7 , Shazia Sultana 1 , Salman Majeed 1 , Rafia Attique 1 , Nabila 1
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-25 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24187 Aqeela Zafar 1 , Muhammad Zafar 1 , Mushtaq Ahmad 1, 2 , Amir Muhammad Khan 3, 4 , Tariq Mahmood 5 , Omer Kilic 6 , Anam Fatima 3 , Darima Habib 7 , Shazia Sultana 1 , Salman Majeed 1 , Rafia Attique 1 , Nabila 1
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Microscopic visualization of micro-morphological characters were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) tool, which has proven to be very successful to analyze the pollen surface peculiarities. The significant goal of this research was to perform microscopic examination of pollen of some of the most frequently visited honeybee floral species around apiaries. Micro-morphological characterization of frequented honeybees foraged plants were discussed. A total of 15 species, belonging to 11 different families were identified for the foraging activities of honeybees, namely, Lantana camara, Jatropha integerrima, Helianthus annuus, Tecoma stans, Lagerstroemia indica, Duranta erecta, Cosmos sulphureus, Hymenocollis littoralis, Moringa oleifera, Cestrum nocturnum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Volkameria inermis, Catharanthus roseus, Malvastrum coromandelianum, and Citharexylum spinosum. The microscopic slides were prepared using the acetolysis method, and the qualitative and quantitative features were measured and described using microscopic tools. The pollen type sculpture varies from psilate scabrate to echinate and colpi from tricolpate to tetracolpate. Quantitative parameters such as polar diameter, mesocolpium distance, equatorial dimensions, aperture size, spine diameter, and exine thickness were calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The exine thickness was measured at its maximum in C. roseus (3.85 μm), whereas it was at its minimum of 0.90 μm in L. indica and D. erecta. Pollen fertility was estimated to be highest in H. annus (88%). The current research validates scanning microscopic features of pollen of the honeybee floral species, which is helpful for the accurate identification and commercializing of honey production to generate revenue for beekeepers through the exploration of bee floral diversity.
中文翻译：
显微镜（LM 和 SEM）可视化来自马加拉山下游和相关地区的蜜蜂植物群中的花粉超微结构
使用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 工具分析了微观形态特征的显微可视化，该工具已被证明在分析花粉表面特性方面非常成功。这项研究的重要目标是对养蜂场周围一些最常访问的蜜蜂花卉物种的花粉进行显微镜检查。讨论了蜜蜂频繁觅食的植物的微形态特征。蜜蜂觅食活动共鉴定出11科15种，即马缨丹、麻风树、向日葵、Tecoma stans、紫薇、杜兰塔,大波斯菊, Hymenocollis littoralis ,辣木, Cestrum nocturnum , Parthenium hysterophorus , Volkameria inermis , Catharanthus roseus , Malvastrum coromandelianum , 和Citharexylum spinosum。使用醋酸解法制备显微载玻片，并使用显微工具测量和描述定性和定量特征。花粉型雕塑从 psilate scabrate 到 echate 和 colpi 从 tricolpate 到 tetracolpate 变化。使用 IBM SPSS Statistics 20 计算了极径、中结肠距离、赤道尺寸、孔径大小、脊柱直径和外膜厚度等定量参数。外膜厚度在C. roseus (3.85 μm) 的最大值处测量，而在在L. indica和D. erecta中最小为 0.90 μm 。据估计，H. annus的花粉繁殖力最高（88%）。目前的研究验证了蜜蜂花种花粉的扫描显微特征，这有助于蜂蜜生产的准确识别和商业化，通过探索蜜蜂花的多样性为养蜂人创造收入。
更新日期：2022-06-25
中文翻译：
显微镜（LM 和 SEM）可视化来自马加拉山下游和相关地区的蜜蜂植物群中的花粉超微结构
使用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 工具分析了微观形态特征的显微可视化，该工具已被证明在分析花粉表面特性方面非常成功。这项研究的重要目标是对养蜂场周围一些最常访问的蜜蜂花卉物种的花粉进行显微镜检查。讨论了蜜蜂频繁觅食的植物的微形态特征。蜜蜂觅食活动共鉴定出11科15种，即马缨丹、麻风树、向日葵、Tecoma stans、紫薇、杜兰塔,大波斯菊, Hymenocollis littoralis ,辣木, Cestrum nocturnum , Parthenium hysterophorus , Volkameria inermis , Catharanthus roseus , Malvastrum coromandelianum , 和Citharexylum spinosum。使用醋酸解法制备显微载玻片，并使用显微工具测量和描述定性和定量特征。花粉型雕塑从 psilate scabrate 到 echate 和 colpi 从 tricolpate 到 tetracolpate 变化。使用 IBM SPSS Statistics 20 计算了极径、中结肠距离、赤道尺寸、孔径大小、脊柱直径和外膜厚度等定量参数。外膜厚度在C. roseus (3.85 μm) 的最大值处测量，而在在L. indica和D. erecta中最小为 0.90 μm 。据估计，H. annus的花粉繁殖力最高（88%）。目前的研究验证了蜜蜂花种花粉的扫描显微特征，这有助于蜂蜜生产的准确识别和商业化，通过探索蜜蜂花的多样性为养蜂人创造收入。
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