With the rapid development of economy, the demand for energy is increasing rapidly. And the output and processing amount of vacuum residue oil are also increasing year by year. The processing of vacuum residue oil is always a difficult problem in petrochemical industry. The high viscosity is the significant characteristic of vacuum residue oil. It is easy to cause serious influence in residue oil processing, such as reactor blockage. With the development of ultrasonic technology, ultrasonic viscosity reduction has become the focus of research. Its potential role in petrochemical industry has attracted more and more attention. Ultrasonic viscosity reducing vacuum residue oil is a new viscosity reducing process. Compared with the traditional viscosity reduction method, it has good viscosity reduction effect. The research progress of ultrasonic viscosity reducing vacuum residue oil is reviewed. In this paper, the mechanism of ultrasonic action, physical and chemical effects, ultrasonic viscosity reduction treatment conditions, viscosity reduction residue oil system influence and viscosity recovery, ultrasonic sound field simulation are reviewed and analyzed. In addition, ultrasound has a synergistic effect. Ultrasonic synergistic physicochemical methods (microwave; hydrogen donor) also has remarkable effects. Ultrasonic treatment technology is adopted on the basis of traditional microwave viscosity reduction and residue oil hydrogenation donor. This kind of ultrasonic collaborative method has excellent application prospect. But there are problems with this technology. The research direction of ultrasonic viscosity reduction residue oil in the future is also suggested. It can provide reference for related research.

中文翻译：

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超声波降粘真空渣油

随着经济的快速发展，对能源的需求也在迅速增加。而减压渣油的产量和加工量也在逐年增加。减压渣油的加工一直是石油化工行业的难题。高粘度是减压渣油的显着特点。容易对渣油加工造成严重影响，如反应器堵塞。随着超声技术的发展，超声降粘已成为研究的重点。其在石化行业的潜在作用越来越受到关注。超声波降粘减压渣油是一种新型的降粘工艺。与传统的降粘方法相比，具有良好的降粘效果。综述了超声降粘减压渣油的研究进展。本文对超声作用机理、物理化学作用、超声降粘处理条件、降粘渣油系统影响及粘度恢复、超声声场模拟等进行了综述和分析。此外，超声波具有协同作用。超声协同物化方法（微波；氢供体）也有显着效果。在传统微波降粘和渣油加氢供体的基础上采用超声波处理技术。这种超声协同方式具有很好的应用前景。但这项技术存在问题。并提出了未来超声降粘渣油的研究方向。可为相关研究提供参考。