Purpose of Review

Despite covering only 3% of the land surface, peatlands represent the largest terrestrial organic carbon stock on the planet and continue to act as a carbon sink. Managing ecosystems to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and protect carbon stocks provide nature-based climate solutions that can play an important role in emission reduction strategies, particularly over the next decade. This review provides an overview of peatland management pathways that can contribute to natural climate solutions and compiles regional and global estimates for the size of potential GHG emission reductions.

Recent Findings

Degraded peatlands may account for 5% of current anthropogenic GHG emissions and therefore reducing emissions through rewetting and restoration offer substantial emission reductions. However, as a majority of peatland remains intact, particularly in boreal and subarctic regions, protection from future development is also an important peatland management pathway. Literature compilation indicates a global potential for peatland nature–based climate solutions of 1.1 to 2.6 Gt CO₂e year⁻¹ in 2030.

Summary

Peatland management can play an important role in GHG emission reductions while also providing many additional co-benefits such as biodiversity protection, reduced land subsidence, and fire-severity mitigation. Yet, climate warming will hinder the ability of peatland ecosystems to continue to act as carbon sinks indicating the importance of reducing future warming through rapid decarbonization of the economy to protect these globally significant carbon stocks.

中文翻译：

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泥炭地作为基于自然的气候解决方案的潜力

审查目的

尽管泥炭地仅覆盖陆地表面的 3%，但它代表了地球上最大的陆地有机碳储量，并继续充当碳汇。管理生态系统以减少温室气体（GHG）排放和保护碳储量提供了基于自然的气候解决方案，可以在减排战略中发挥重要作用，特别是在未来十年。本综述概述了有助于自然气候解决方案的泥炭地管理途径，并编制了潜在温室气体减排规模的区域和全球估计。

最近的发现

退化泥炭地可能占当前人为温室气体排放量的 5%，因此通过再润湿和恢复减少排放量可大幅减少排放量。然而，由于大多数泥炭地保持完好，特别是在北方和亚北极地区，防止未来开发也是重要的泥炭地管理途径。文献汇编表明，到 2030 年，基于泥炭地自然的气候解决方案的全球潜力为 1.1 至 2.6 Gt CO ₂ e ^{-1 。}

概括

泥炭地管理可以在温室气体减排方面发挥重要作用，同时还可以提供许多额外的附带效益，例如保护生物多样性、减少地面沉降和减轻火灾严重程度。然而，气候变暖将阻碍泥炭地生态系统继续充当碳汇的能力，这表明通过经济快速脱碳来减少未来变暖以保护这些全球重要碳储量的重要性。