Isobavachalcone (IBC), also known as isobapsoralcone, is a natural flavonoid widely derived from many medicinal plants, including Fabaceae, Moraceae, and so forth. IBC has been paid more and more attention by researchers in recent years due to its pharmacological activity in many diseases. This review aims to describe in detail the plant sources, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, pharmacological activities, and molecular mechanisms of IBC on various diseases. We found that IBC can be obtained not only by extraction but also by chemical synthesis. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that IBC has low bioavailability, but can penetrate the blood–brain barrier and is widely distributed in the brain. Its pharmacological activities mainly include anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, neuroprotective, bone protection, and other activities. In particular, IBC shows strong anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential due to its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, due to its hepatotoxicity, there may be more drug interactions. Therefore, more and more in-depth studies are needed for its clinical application. Mechanically, IBC can induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit AKT, ERK, and Wnt pathways, and promote apoptosis of cancer cells through mitochondrial or endoplasmic reticulum pathways. IBC can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and the production of multiple inflammatory mediators by activating NRF2/HO-1 pathway, thus producing anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, we discussed the limitations of current research on IBC and put forward some new perspectives and challenges, which provide a strong basis for clinical application and new drug development of IBC in the future.

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异巴伐查耳酮：植物来源、药代动力学、毒性、药理活性及相关分子机制的综合综述

异巴伐查耳酮（IBC），又称异巴补骨酮，是一种天然黄酮类化合物，广泛来源于许多药用植物，包括豆科、桑科，等等。由于IBC在多种疾病中的药理活性，近年来IBC越来越受到研究人员的关注。本综述旨在详细描述IBC对各种疾病的植物来源、药代动力学、毒性、药理活性和分子机制。我们发现IBC不仅可以通过提取获得，还可以通过化学合成获得。药代动力学研究表明，IBC生物利用度低，但能穿透血脑屏障，广泛分布于脑内。其药理活性主要包括抗癌、抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒、神经保护、骨骼保护等活性。特别是，IBC 因其抗癌和抗炎活性而显示出强大的抗肿瘤和抗炎治疗潜力。然而，由于其肝毒性，可能存在更多的药物相互作用。因此，需要对其临床应用进行越来越深入的研究。机械上，IBC可以诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生，抑制AKT、ERK和Wnt通路，并通过线粒体或内质网通路促进癌细胞凋亡。IBC可通过激活NRF2/HO-1通路抑制NF-κB通路和多种炎症介质的产生，从而产生抗炎作用。此外，我们讨论了当前IBC研究的局限性，提出了一些新的观点和挑战，为未来IBC的临床应用和新药开发提供了强有力的依据。其临床应用需要越来越多的深入研究。机械上，IBC可以诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生，抑制AKT、ERK和Wnt通路，并通过线粒体或内质网通路促进癌细胞凋亡。IBC可通过激活NRF2/HO-1通路抑制NF-κB通路和多种炎症介质的产生，从而产生抗炎作用。此外，我们讨论了当前IBC研究的局限性，提出了一些新的观点和挑战，为未来IBC的临床应用和新药开发提供了强有力的依据。其临床应用需要越来越多的深入研究。机械上，IBC可以诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生，抑制AKT、ERK和Wnt通路，并通过线粒体或内质网通路促进癌细胞凋亡。IBC可通过激活NRF2/HO-1通路抑制NF-κB通路和多种炎症介质的产生，从而产生抗炎作用。此外，我们讨论了当前IBC研究的局限性，提出了一些新的观点和挑战，为未来IBC的临床应用和新药开发提供了强有力的依据。并通过线粒体或内质网途径促进癌细胞凋亡。IBC可通过激活NRF2/HO-1通路抑制NF-κB通路和多种炎症介质的产生，从而产生抗炎作用。此外，我们讨论了当前IBC研究的局限性，提出了一些新的观点和挑战，为未来IBC的临床应用和新药开发提供了强有力的依据。并通过线粒体或内质网途径促进癌细胞凋亡。IBC可通过激活NRF2/HO-1通路抑制NF-κB通路和多种炎症介质的产生，从而产生抗炎作用。此外，我们讨论了当前IBC研究的局限性，提出了一些新的观点和挑战，为未来IBC的临床应用和新药开发提供了强有力的依据。