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Practising organometallic chemistry in nineteenth century Australia: David Orme Masson and diethyl magnesium
Historical Records of Australian Science ( IF 0.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-07 , DOI: 10.1071/hr22001
Ian D. Rae

By the late 1880s, the existence of alkyl derivatives of metals such as zinc and mercury was well established but diethyl magnesium had been poorly characterised and obtaining proof of its existence was a reasonable aim for chemists. Professor David Orme Masson and his student, Norman Wilsmore, at the university in the British colonial capital, Melbourne, accepted the challenge despite their distance from northern hemisphere centres of chemical research. The ‘tyranny of distance’ was tempered by their access to chemical journals and textbooks and by Masson’s connections at the ‘centre’, notably with William Ramsay. Wilsmore repeated the earlier experiments and also used methods that had been successful with other metals, but was unable to prepare diethyl magnesium. Masson rationalised this failure on the basis of the element’s position in the periodic classification of the elements that Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer had published, and on magnesium’s position on the atomic volume curve of Meyer, and concluded that diethyl magnesium could not exist. The weakness of these arguments was revealed when, near-coincidentally with Masson’s and Wilsmore’s publication of the results of their experiments, Philippe Löhr, working in Meyer’s laboratory, published successful syntheses of several alkyl magnesium derivatives by methods that had been unsuccessful in Wilsmore’s hands. Masson’s heuristic use of Meyer’s curve was unusual, and a notable feature of his approach to chemistry.



中文翻译:

在十九世纪的澳大利亚实践有机金属化学:David Orme Masson 和二乙基镁

到 1880 年代后期,金属(如锌和汞)的烷基衍生物的存在已得到充分证实,但二乙基镁的表征却很差,获得其存在的证据是化学家的合理目标。尽管远离北半球的化学研究中心,但英国殖民首都墨尔本大学的大卫·奥姆·马森教授和他的学生诺曼·威尔斯莫尔接受了这一挑战。他们接触到化学期刊和教科书,以及马森在“中心”的关系,尤其是与威廉拉姆齐的关系,缓和了“距离的暴政”。威尔斯莫尔重复了早期的实验,还使用了其他金属成功的方法,但无法制备二乙基镁。马松根据门捷列夫和洛塔尔·迈耶发表的元素在元素周期分类中的位置以及镁在迈耶的原子体积曲线上的位置对这一失败进行了合理化,并得出结论认为二乙基镁不可能存在。当马森和威尔斯莫尔发表他们的实验结果几乎巧合的是,在迈耶实验室工作的菲利普·洛尔(Philippe Löhr)发表了通过威尔斯莫尔手中未成功的方法成功合成几种烷基镁衍生物的方法,揭示了这些论点的弱点。马森对迈耶曲线的启发式使用是不寻常的,也是他化学方法的一个显着特征。并得出结论,二乙基镁不可能存在。当马森和威尔斯莫尔发表他们的实验结果几乎巧合的是,在迈耶实验室工作的菲利普·洛尔(Philippe Löhr)发表了通过威尔斯莫尔手中未成功的方法成功合成几种烷基镁衍生物的方法,揭示了这些论点的弱点。马森对迈耶曲线的启发式使用是不寻常的,也是他化学方法的一个显着特征。并得出结论,二乙基镁不可能存在。当马森和威尔斯莫尔发表他们的实验结果几乎巧合的是,在迈耶实验室工作的菲利普·洛尔(Philippe Löhr)发表了通过威尔斯莫尔手中未成功的方法成功合成几种烷基镁衍生物的方法,揭示了这些论点的弱点。马森对迈耶曲线的启发式使用是不寻常的,也是他化学方法的一个显着特征。发表了几种烷基镁衍生物的成功合成方法,这些方法在威尔斯莫尔手中并不成功。马森对迈耶曲线的启发式使用是不寻常的,也是他化学方法的一个显着特征。发表了几种烷基镁衍生物的成功合成方法,这些方法在威尔斯莫尔手中并不成功。马森对迈耶曲线的启发式使用是不寻常的,也是他化学方法的一个显着特征。

更新日期:2022-06-09
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