AbstractMikhail Bulgakov's fantastic short story The Fatal Eggs (1925) was translated into English by five translators, Mirra Ginsburg (1964), Kathleen Gook-Horujy (1990), Hugh Aplin (2003), Michael Karpelson (2010), and Roger Cockrell (2011). The emphasis in this research is on the linguistic analysis of the translations of cultural, social and historical realia referred to as Sovietisms, which pertain to items characteristic of Soviet discourse in the 1930s. Bulgakov's language is brimming with Soviet vocabulary that refers to various cultural and socio-political elements of Soviet reality. A complete naturalization or even omission of Sovietisms may lead to loss of connotative meanings essential to understanding the context, while foreignizing through transliteration or calquing may disturb the fluency of reading. The purpose of the analysis is to assess the translators' choices and what they imply for the readers. Another aim is to test the assumptions of re-translation theory (Bensimon 1990; Gambier 1994), which states that early translations are more target-oriented than subsequent translations. The analysis employs taxonomies suggested by Vlakhov and Florin (1980) and Mokienko and Nikitina (1998) for the classification of Sovietisms, and Aixelá’s taxonomy of translation strategies (1996) as the grounds for the case study.

中文翻译：

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布尔加科夫《致命的鸡蛋》英译本中的苏维埃主义作为文化、社会和历史现实

摘要 Mikhail Bulgakov 的精彩短篇小说 The Fatal Eggs (1925) 被五位译者翻译成英文：Mirra Ginsburg (1964)、Kathleen Gook-Horujy (1990)、Hugh Aplin (2003)、Michael Karpelson (2010) 和 Roger Cockrell (2011) ）。这项研究的重点是对被称为苏联主义的文化、社会和历史现实的翻译进行语言分析，这些现实与 1930 年代苏联话语的特征项目有关。布尔加科夫的语言充满了苏联词汇，指的是苏联现实的各种文化和社会政治因素。完全归化甚至省略苏维埃主义可能会导致理解上下文所必需的内涵意义的丧失，而通过音译或粗化而异化可能会干扰阅读的流畅性。分析的目的是评估译者的选择及其对读者的影响。另一个目的是检验再翻译理论的假设（Bensimon 1990；Gambier 1994），该理论指出早期翻译比后续翻译更面向目标。该分析采用 Vlakhov 和 Florin (1980) 以及 Mokienko 和 Nikitina (1998) 提出的苏联主义分类法，以及 Aixelá 的翻译策略分类法 (1996) 作为案例研究的基础。