Abstract The current wave of technological transformation is altering dynamics between the global and local scales. This transformation affects the dynamic linkages between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and the host economies in which they invest. This article examines how MNEs in leading technology sectors are re-evaluating their relationship to Toronto’s innovation economy. It employs elements of three conceptual approaches on global production networks, global innovation networks, and the locational strategies of MNEs. Firms engage with the host region in new ways by tapping into knowledge sources to diversify the locational base of their R&D activities, as well as with local entrepreneurial ecosystems in emerging technologies and industry niches.

中文翻译：

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全球网络的本地化：跨国公司在多伦多创新经济中的新任务

摘要 当前的技术变革浪潮正在改变全球和地方尺度之间的动态。这种转变影响了跨国企业 (MNE) 与其投资的东道国经济体之间的动态联系。本文探讨了领先技术领域的跨国公司如何重新评估它们与多伦多创新经济的关系。它采用了全球生产网络、全球创新网络和跨国公司区位战略的三种概念方法的要素。企业以新的方式与东道地区合作，通过利用知识资源使其研发活动的位置基础多样化，以及在新兴技术和行业利基中与当地的创业生态系统合作。