Corpus-based studies have become increasingly common in linguistic typology over recent years, amounting to the emergence of a new field that we call corpus-based typology. The core idea of corpus-based typology is to take languages as populations of utterances and to systematically investigate text production across languages in this sense. From a usage-based perspective, investigations of variation and preferences of use are at the core of understanding the distribution of conventionalized structures and their diachronic development across languages. Specific findings of corpus-based typological studies pertain to universals of text production, for example, in prosodic partitioning; to cognitive biases constraining diverse patterns of use, for example, in constituent order; and to correlations of diverse patterns of use with language-specific structures and conventions. We also consider remaining challenges for corpus-based typology, in particular the development of crosslinguistically more representative corpora that include spoken (or signed) texts, and its vast potential in the future.

中文翻译：

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语言类型学中的跨语言语料库研究

近年来，基于语料库的研究在语言类型学中变得越来越普遍，相当于出现了一个我们称之为基于语料库的类型学的新领域。基于语料库的类型学的核心思想是将语言视为话语的群体，并在这个意义上系统地研究跨语言的文本生产。从基于使用的角度来看，对使用变化和偏好的调查是理解常规结构的分布及其跨语言的历时发展的核心。基于语料库的类型学研究的具体发现与文本生产的普遍性有关，例如在韵律划分方面；限制不同使用模式的认知偏差，例如，按组成顺序；以及不同使用模式与特定语言结构和约定的相关性。我们还考虑了基于语料库的类型学的剩余挑战，特别是开发跨语言更具代表性的语料库，包括口语（或签名）文本，以及它在未来的巨大潜力。