Artificial synaptic devices hold great potential in building neuromorphic computers. Due to the unique morphological features, two-dimensional organic semiconductors at the monolayer limit show interesting properties when acting as the active layers for organic field-effect transistors. Here, organic synaptic transistors are prepared with 1,4-bis ((5′-hexyl-2,2′-bithiophen-5-yl) ethyl) benzene (HTEB) monolayer molecular crystals. Functions similar to biological synapses, including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), pair-pulse facilitation, and short/long-term memory, have been realized. The synaptic device achieves the minimum power consumption of 4.29 fJ at low drain voltage of −0.01 V. Moreover, the HTEB synaptic device exhibits excellent long-term memory with 10⁹ s EPSC estimated retention time. Brain-like functions such as dynamic learning-forgetting process and visual noise reduction are demonstrated by nine devices. The unique morphological features of the monolayer molecular semiconductors help to reveal the device working mechanism, and the synaptic behaviors of the devices can be attributed to oxygen induced energy level. This work shows the potential of artificial neuroelectronic devices based on organic monolayer molecular crystals.

人工突触设备在构建神经形态计算机方面具有巨大潜力。由于独特的形态特征，单层极限的二维有机半导体在用作有机场效应晶体管的有源层时表现出有趣的特性。在这里，有机突触晶体管是用 1,4-双 ((5'-hexyl-2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl) ethyl) 苯 (HTEB) 单层分子晶体制备的。已经实现了类似于生物突触的功能，包括兴奋性突触后电流 (EPSC)、对脉冲促进和短期/长期记忆。该突触装置在 -0.01 V 的低漏极电压下实现了 4.29 fJ 的最小功耗。此外，HTEB 突触装置表现出出色的长期记忆力 10 ⁹s EPSC 估计的保留时间。九个设备展示了动态学习遗忘过程和视觉降噪等类脑功能。单层分子半导体独特的形态特征有助于揭示器件的工作机制，器件的突触行为可归因于氧诱导的能级。这项工作展示了基于有机单层分子晶体的人工神经电子器件的潜力。