Music can be a potent cue for autobiographical memories in both everyday and clinical settings. Understanding the extent to which music may have privileged access to aspects of our personal histories requires critical comparisons to other types of memories and exploration of how music-evoked autobiographical memories (MEAMs) vary across individuals. We compared the retrieval characteristics, content, and emotions of MEAMs to television-evoked autobiographical memories (TEAMs) in an online sample of 657 participants who were representative of the British adult population on age, gender, income, and education. Each participant reported details of a recent MEAM and a recent TEAM experience. MEAMs exhibited significantly greater episodic reliving, personal significance, and social content than TEAMs, and elicited more positive and intense emotions. The majority of these differences between MEAMs and TEAMs persisted in an analysis of a subset of responses in which the music and television cues were matched on familiarity. Age and gender effects were smaller, and consistent across both MEAMs and TEAMs. These results indicate phenomenological differences in naturally occurring memories cued by music as compared to television that are maintained across adulthood. Findings are discussed in the context of theoretical accounts of autobiographical memory, functions of music, and healthy aging.

中文翻译：

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音乐和电视引发的自传记忆中的现象学差异

音乐可以成为日常和临床环境中自传记忆的有力线索。了解音乐在多大程度上可以优先访问我们个人历史的各个方面，需要与其他类型的记忆进行批判性比较，并探索音乐诱发的自传记忆 (MEAM) 如何因人而异。我们在 657 名参与者的在线样本中比较了 MEAM 的检索特征、内容和情绪与电视诱发的自传记忆 (TEAM)，这些参与者在年龄、性别、收入和教育方面代表英国成年人口。每个参与者都报告了最近的 MEAM 和最近的 TEAM 体验的详细信息。与 TEAM 相比，MEAM 表现出更大的情节重温、个人意义和社交内容，并引发更多积极和强烈的情绪。MEAM 和 TEAM 之间的这些差异中的大部分持续存在于对音乐和电视提示在熟悉度上匹配的响应子集的分析中。年龄和性别的影响较小，并且在 MEAM 和 TEAM 中保持一致。这些结果表明，与在整个成年期保持的电视相比，由音乐提示的自然发生的记忆的现象学差异。在自传记忆、音乐功能和健康老龄化的理论说明的背景下讨论了研究结果。这些结果表明，与在整个成年期保持的电视相比，由音乐提示的自然发生的记忆的现象学差异。在自传记忆、音乐功能和健康老龄化的理论说明的背景下讨论了研究结果。这些结果表明，与在整个成年期保持的电视相比，由音乐提示的自然发生的记忆的现象学差异。在自传记忆、音乐功能和健康老龄化的理论说明的背景下讨论了研究结果。