The ability to perceive and produce a beat is believed to be universal in humans, but individual ability varies. The current study examined four factors that may influence beat perception and production capacity: 1) expertise: music or dance, 2) training style: percussive or nonpercussive, 3) stimulus modality: auditory or visual, and 4) movement type: finger-tap or whole-body bounce. Experiment 1 examined how expertise and training style influenced beat perception and production performance using an auditory beat perception task and a finger-tapping beat production task. Experiment 2 used a similar sample with an audiovisual variant of the beat perception task, and a standing knee-bend (bounce) beat production task to assess whole-body movement. The data showed that: 1) musicians were more accurate in a finger-tapping beat synchronization task compared to dancers and controls, 2) training style did not significantly influence beat perception and production, 3) visual beat information did not benefit any group, and 4) beat synchronization in a full-body movement task was comparable for musicians and dancers; both groups outperformed controls. The current study suggests that the type of task and measured response interacts with expertise, and that expertise effects may be masked by selection of nonoptimal response types.

中文翻译：

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击败音乐家和舞者的感知和制作

感知和产生节拍的能力被认为是人类普遍存在的，但个人能力各不相同。目前的研究检查了可能影响节拍感知和生产能力的四个因素：1）专业知识：音乐或舞蹈，2）训练方式：打击乐或非打击乐，3）刺激方式：听觉或视觉，以及 4）运动类型：手指敲击或全身弹跳。实验 1 使用听觉节拍感知任务和手指敲击节拍制作任务检查了专业知识和训练方式如何影响节拍感知和制作性能。实验 2 使用了一个类似的样本，该样本具有节拍感知任务的视听变体，以及站立屈膝（弹跳）节拍制作任务来评估全身运动。数据显示：1) 与舞者和对照组相比，音乐家在手指敲击节拍同步任务中更准确，2) 训练方式对节拍感知和制作没有显着影响，3) 视觉节拍信息对任何组都没有好处，4) 节拍同步对于音乐家和舞蹈家来说，全身运动任务是可比的；两组的表现都优于对照组。目前的研究表明，任务的类型和测量的响应与专业知识相互作用，并且专业知识的影响可能会被非最佳响应类型的选择所掩盖。两组的表现都优于对照组。目前的研究表明，任务的类型和测量的响应与专业知识相互作用，并且专业知识的影响可能会被非最佳响应类型的选择所掩盖。两组的表现都优于对照组。目前的研究表明，任务的类型和测量的响应与专业知识相互作用，并且专业知识的影响可能会被非最佳响应类型的选择所掩盖。