As one of the prevalent posttranscriptional modifications of RNA, N⁷-methylguanosine (m⁷G) plays essential roles in RNA processing, metabolism, and function, mainly regulated by the methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1) and WD repeat domain 4 (WDR4) complex. Emerging evidence suggests that the METTL1/WDR4 complex promoted or inhibited the processes of many tumors, including head and neck, lung, liver, colon, bladder cancer, and teratoma, dependent on close m⁷G methylation modification of tRNA or microRNA (miRNA). Therefore, METTL1 and m⁷G modification can be used as biomarkers or potential intervention targets, providing new possibilities for early diagnosis and treatment of tumors. This review will mainly focus on the mechanisms of METTL1/WDR4 via m⁷G in tumorigenesis and the corresponding detection methods.

作为 RNA 的普遍转录后修饰之一，N ⁷ -甲基鸟苷(m ⁷ G) 在 RNA 加工、代谢和功能中发挥重要作用，主要受甲基转移酶样 1 (METTL1) 和 WD 重复结构域 4 (WDR4) 的调控复杂的。新出现的证据表明，METTL1/WDR4 复合物促进或抑制许多肿瘤的进程，包括头颈癌、肺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、膀胱癌和畸胎瘤，这取决于tRNA 或 microRNA (miRNA) 的紧密 m ⁷ G 甲基化修饰. 因此，METTL1 和 m ⁷G修饰可作为生物标志物或潜在的干预靶点，为肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗提供新的可能。本综述将主要关注METTL1/WDR4通过m ⁷ G在肿瘤发生中的作用机制及相应的检测方法。