Asteroseismology has grown from its beginnings three decades ago to a mature field teeming with discoveries and applications. This phenomenal growth has been enabled by space photometry with precision 10–100 times better than ground-based observations, with nearly continuous light curves for durations of weeks to years, and by large-scale ground-based surveys spanning years designed to detect all time-variable phenomena. The new high-precision data are full of surprises, deepening our understanding of the physics of stars. ▪ This review explores asteroseismic developments from the past decade primarily as a result of light curves from the Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite space missions for massive upper main sequence OBAF stars, pre-main-sequence stars, peculiar stars, classical pulsators, white dwarfs and subdwarfs, and tidally interacting close binaries. ▪ The space missions have increased the numbers of pulsators in many classes by an order of magnitude. ▪ Asteroseismology measures fundamental stellar parameters and stellar interior physics—mass, radius, age, metallicity, luminosity, distance, magnetic fields, interior rotation, angular momentum transfer, convective overshoot, core-burning stage—supporting disparate fields such as galactic archeology, exoplanet host stars, supernovae progenitors, gamma-ray and gravitational wave precursors, close binary star origins and evolution, and standard candles. ▪ Stars are the luminous tracers of the Universe. Asteroseismology significantly improves models of stellar structure and evolution on which all inference from stars depends.

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Hertzsprung-Russell 图上的星震学


星震学已经从三十年前的开始发展成为一个充满发现和应用的成熟领域。这种惊人的增长是通过空间光度测量实现的，其精度比地面观测高 10-100 倍，光曲线持续时间从数周到数年几乎是连续的，并且通过跨越数年的大规模地面巡天来实现，旨在检测所有时间变量现象。新的高精度数据充满了惊喜，加深了我们对恒星物理学的理解。▪ 这篇综述探讨了过去十年的星震发展，主要是由于开普勒和凌日系外行星巡天卫星太空任务对大质量上主序 OBAF 星、前主序星、奇异恒星、经典脉动星、白矮星和亚矮星以及潮汐相互作用的紧密双星的光曲线的结果。▪ 太空任务使许多类别的脉动器数量增加了一个数量级。▪ 星震学测量基本的恒星参数和恒星内部物理学——质量、半径、年龄、金属度、光度、距离、磁场、内部旋转、角动量传递、对流过冲、核心燃烧阶段——支持不同的领域，如银河系考古学、系外行星宿主星、超新星祖先、伽马射线和引力波前体、接近双星起源和演化以及标准蜡烛。▪ 恒星是宇宙的发光示踪剂。星震学显著改进了恒星结构和演化模型，所有恒星的推断都依赖于这些模型。