Suppressing growth of lithium dendrites by introducing deep eutectic solvents for stable lithium metal batteries,Journal of Materials Chemistry A

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Suppressing growth of lithium dendrites by introducing deep eutectic solvents for stable lithium metal batteries
Journal of Materials Chemistry A ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-01 , DOI: 10.1039/d2ta03253h
Wentao Li ₁ , Wei Liu ₁ , Bendong Huang ₁ , Ziwei Cai ₁ , Hai Zhong ₁ , Fei Guo ₁ , Yaohua Mai ₁

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Lithium metal anodes are recognized as one of the most promising anode materials used to increase the energy density of rechargeable lithium batteries. However, some key issues caused by lithium dendrites hinder their practical applications. The deep eutectic solvent (Li⁺[(urea)₃(TFSI⁻)₁]) is introduced into a carbonate electrolyte as an additive in this work to improve the performance of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Consequently, the lithium symmetrical cell with 1 wt% deep eutectic solvent electrolyte exhibits a stable cycling life of over 1200 hours at a current density of 0.5 mA cm⁻², and the capacity retention of the Li/LiFePO₄ cells is maintained over 92.1% after 1000 cycles at 1C. The experimental and theoretical calculation results indicate that urea is preferentially absorbed on the Li anode surface, which is attributed to the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase layer enriched with Li₃N for faster Li⁺ transport. Moreover, the solvation energy of solvated Li⁺ decreases after the introduction of the deep eutectic solvent into the carbonate electrolyte for easy Li⁺ release during the desolvation process. The deep eutectic solvent can regulate the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer formation and reduce the lithium plating reaction barrier due to the aforementioned advantages, thus remarkably improving the electrochemical performance of the lithium metal anode.

中文翻译：

通过为稳定的锂金属电池引入深共晶溶剂来抑制锂枝晶的生长

锂金属负极被公认为用于提高可充电锂电池能量密度的最有前途的负极材料之一。然而，锂枝晶引起的一些关键问题阻碍了它们的实际应用。在这项工作中，将低共熔溶剂 (Li ⁺ [(urea) ₃ (TFSI ^- ) ₁ ]) 作为添加剂引入碳酸盐电解质中，以提高锂金属电池 (LMB) 的性能。^{因此，具有 1 wt% 深共晶溶剂电解质的锂对称电池在 0.5 mA cm -2}的电流密度下表现出超过 1200 小时的稳定循环寿命，以及 Li/LiFePO _{4的容量保持率。}在 1C 下 1000 次循环后，细胞保持在 92.1% 以上。实验和理论计算结果表明，尿素优先吸附在锂负极表面，这是由于形成了富含Li ₃ N的稳定固体电解质界面层，从而加快了Li ⁺的传输。此外，在碳酸盐电解液中引入深共晶溶剂后，溶剂化 Li ⁺的溶剂化能降低，易于 Li ⁺在去溶剂化过程中释放。由于上述优点，深共晶溶剂可以调节固体电解质界面（SEI）层的形成，降低镀锂反应势垒，从而显着提高锂金属负极的电化学性能。

更新日期：2022-06-01

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