Abstract

In order to find novel environment-friendly and effective antifungal agents, four series of 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene derivatives were designed, synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic analysis. The antifungal activities of all the target compounds against nine phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated in vitro. Preliminary results indicated that most of the target compounds exhibited obvious antifungal activity at the concentration of 50 μg/mL. Among them, compound 4j displayed more promising antifungal potency against Fusarium solani, Pyricularia oryzae, Alternaria brassicae, Valsa mali and Alternaria alternata strains than the two commercially available fungicides chlorothalonil and hymexazol, with the corresponding EC₅₀ values of 6.3, 7.7, 7.1, 7.5, 4.0 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the cell experiments results suggested that the target compounds had low cytotoxicity to the PC12 cell. This research will provide theoretical basis for the future application of 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromenes as botanical fungicides in agriculture.

Graphical Abstract

Four series of novel, potent and low-toxicity 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene derivatives were designed and synthesized as agricultural antifungal agents. The in vitro antifungal experiments showed that compound 4j exhibited higher antifungal efficacy against five strains than the two commercially-available fungicides chlorothalonil and hymexazol.

中文翻译：

---

作为潜在抗真菌剂的新型 2,2-二甲基色烯衍生物的设计与合成

摘要

为寻找新型环保高效的抗真菌药物，设计、合成了4个系列的2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯衍生物，并采用光谱分析对其进行了表征。在体外评估了所有目标化合物对九种植物病原真菌的抗真菌活性。初步结果表明，大多数目标化合物在浓度为50 μg/mL时表现出明显的抗真菌活性。其中，化合物 4j 比两种市售杀菌剂百菌清和恶霉唑显示出对腐皮镰刀菌、稻瘟病菌、油菜链格孢、Valsa mali和Alternaria alternata菌株更有希望的抗真菌效力，相应的 EC_{50 个}值分别为 6.3、7.7、7.1、7.5、4.0 μg/mL。此外，细胞实验结果表明目标化合物对PC12细胞具有低细胞毒性。该研究将为今后2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯作为植物源杀菌剂在农业上的应用提供理论依据。

图形概要

设计并合成了四个系列的新型、高效、低毒的 2,2-二甲基-2H-色烯衍生物作为农用抗真菌剂。体外抗真菌实验表明，化合物4j对5种菌株表现出比两种市售杀菌剂百菌清和恶霉灵更高的抗真菌效果。