ABSTRACT

To study the ever-increasing pace of work practices, we investigated leader experiences of intensified job demands (IJDs) and their effects on followers. Based on the challenge-hindrance approach, different kinds of job demands may produce either negative or positive work-related outcomes. Using this perspective, we investigated the leaders IJDs against their followers’ satisfaction with them as leaders, follower evaluations of the leader-member exchange (LMX) relationship quality, and their personal well-being (burnout and work engagement). Of the four IJDs, (1) work intensification and (2) career-related planning demands were conceptualised as negative hindrances for leaders, whereas (3) job-related planning/decision-making and (4) knowledge/skill-related learning demands were conceptualised as positive challenges. The data included 236 leaders and 990 followers, analysed with multilevel modelling. Leader feelings of increasing pressure to autonomously plan their job associated positively with followers’ satisfaction. These job planning demands also associated with lower burnout and higher work engagement among followers. Contrary to expectation, leaders’ career planning demands were positively associated with follower engagement. Our findings contribute to leadership literature by providing novel evidence of the role of IJDs in leadership, not only as strenuous work demands, but also as positive challenges that can be beneficial for leader-follower relationships and follower well-being.

摘要

为了研究不断加快的工作节奏，我们调查了领导者在强化工作需求 (IJD) 方面的经历及其对下属的影响。基于挑战-障碍方法，不同类型的工作需求可能会产生消极或积极的工作相关结果。从这个角度来看，我们调查了领导者的 IJDs，以及他们的下属对他们作为领导者的满意度、下属对领导-成员交换 (LMX) 关系质量的评价，以及他们的个人幸福感（倦怠和工作投入）。在四个 IJD 中，(1) 工作强度和 (2) 与职业相关的规划需求被概念化为领导者的负面障碍，而 (3) 与工作相关的规划/决策和 (4) 与知识/技能相关的学习需求被概念化为积极的挑战。数据包括 236 名领导者和 990 名追随者，并通过多层次建模进行了分析。领导者自主规划工作的压力越来越大，这与下属的满意度呈正相关。这些工作规划需求还与较低的倦怠感和较高的追随者工作投入度相关。与预期相反，领导者的职业规划需求与下属敬业度呈正相关。我们的研究结果通过提供 IJD 在领导力中的作用的新证据为领导力文献做出了贡献，这不仅是艰苦的工作要求，而且是有益于领导-下属关系和下属福祉的积极挑战。领导者自主规划工作的压力越来越大，这与下属的满意度呈正相关。这些工作规划需求还与较低的倦怠感和较高的追随者工作投入度相关。与预期相反，领导者的职业规划需求与下属敬业度呈正相关。我们的研究结果通过提供 IJD 在领导力中的作用的新证据为领导力文献做出了贡献，这不仅是艰苦的工作要求，而且是有益于领导-下属关系和下属福祉的积极挑战。领导者自主规划工作的压力越来越大，这与下属的满意度呈正相关。这些工作规划需求还与较低的倦怠感和较高的追随者工作投入度相关。与预期相反，领导者的职业规划需求与下属敬业度呈正相关。我们的研究结果通过提供 IJD 在领导力中的作用的新证据为领导力文献做出了贡献，这不仅是艰苦的工作要求，而且是有益于领导-下属关系和下属福祉的积极挑战。