Epoxy resin is commonly used in the oil and gas industry due to its excellent toughness, low shrinkage, good adhesive strength, and relatively good thermal resistance. It is used for water shutoff, zonal isolation, cementing, enhanced oil recovery, and preventing leakage in wells. This paper reviews the chemistry aspect of using an epoxy resin system as a sealant to prevent well leakage and it offers insights into the chemistry of the epoxy resin system, as applied in previous studies. The paper also unveils the reasons for the application of this system from the chemistry perspective, allowing this aspect to be better understood. Success in the investigated cases depended on the formulation design. The epoxide and hydroxyl functional groups have been found to contribute substantially to the excellent performance of the sealant system. Furthermore, the amine curing agent triggers the abrupt reaction of the oxirane ring to stabilise when the cured sealant is perfectly applied. Based on the findings, it is suggested that other types of epoxies, namely epoxidised oils, require further study. Finally, in terms of safety and sustainable energy, it is suggested that more curing agent and diluent studies are undertaken.

中文翻译：

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化学洞察：环氧密封剂作为井完整性的替代补救操作

环氧树脂因其优异的韧性、低收缩率、良好的粘合强度和相对较好的耐热性而被广泛用于石油和天然气行业。用于堵水、层状隔离、固井、提高采收率和防止井漏。本文回顾了使用环氧树脂系统作为密封剂以防止井泄漏的化学方面，并提供了对环氧树脂系统化学的见解，如以前的研究中所应用的那样。该论文还从化学角度揭示了应用该系统的原因，使这方面得到更好的理解。调查案例的成功取决于配方设计。已发现环氧化物和羟基官能团对密封剂体系的优异性能有很大贡献。此外，当固化的密封剂完美应用时，胺固化剂会触发环氧乙烷环的突然反应以稳定。根据研究结果，建议其他类型的环氧树脂，即环氧化油，需要进一步研究。最后，在安全和可持续能源方面，建议进行更多的固化剂和稀释剂研究。