缓慢适应的 II 型传入神经有助于人类有意识的触觉：来自单个神经内微刺激的证据,The Journal of Physiology

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缓慢适应的 II 型传入神经有助于人类有意识的触觉：来自单个神经内微刺激的证据
The Journal of Physiology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-15 , DOI: 10.1113/jp282873
Roger Holmes Watkins ₁ , Mario Durao de Carvalho Amante ₂ , Helena Backlund Wasling ₂ , Johan Wessberg ₂ , Rochelle Ackerley ₁

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缓慢适应的 II 型（SA-II，Ruffini）机械感受传入神经对压力和拉伸反应良好，并且经常在人类微神经造影研究中遇到。尽管了解 SA-II 响应特性，但它们在触觉感知中的作用仍不清楚。使用单个神经内微刺激 (INMS)，通过微神经造影，记录并电刺激单个传入神经，揭示了不同有髓 Aβ 机械感受传入神经在触觉感知中的具体作用。这种方法直接将单个传入人工激活与感知联系起来，其中 INMS 产生与不同机械感受传入类型相关的特定“量子”触摸感知。然而，SA-II 传入刺激是模棱两可的，产生不一致的、模糊的感觉或没有清晰的感知。我们对无毛手部皮肤中数百个单独的 Aβ 机械感受传入进行了生理表征，并检查了由低幅度 INMS 电流脉冲 (<10 μA) 序列诱发的后续感知。我们展示了 18 个 SA-II 传入神经，其中 INMS 产生了清晰的、电诱发的大（~36 mm² ) 扩散压力，它被精确地投射到它们在皮肤中生理定义的感受野上。这种感觉被认为是自然的，与其他传入神经不同，并且没有显示出多传入刺激的迹象。可以感知到刺激频率调制的感觉强度，甚至是短暂的刺激（4 个脉冲，60 毫秒）。这些结果表明，SA-II 传入神经有助于感知触觉，可以快速准确地发出信号，并且对于触觉和人工假肢反馈的计算模型具有相关性和重要意义。

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Slowly-adapting type II afferents contribute to conscious touch sensation in humans: Evidence from single unit intraneural microstimulation

Slowly-adapting type II (SA-II, Ruffini) mechanoreceptive afferents respond well to pressure and stretch, and are regularly encountered in human microneurography studies. Despite an understanding of SA-II response properties, their role in touch perception remains unclear. Specific roles of different myelinated Aβ mechanoreceptive afferents in tactile perception have been revealed using single unit intraneural microstimulation (INMS), via microneurography, recording from and then electrically stimulating individual afferents. This method directly links single afferent artificial activation to perception, where INMS produces specific ‘quantal’ touch percepts associated with different mechanoreceptive afferent types. However, SA-II afferent stimulation has been ambiguous, producing inconsistent, vague sensations, or no clear percept. We physiologically characterized hundreds of individual Aβ mechanoreceptive afferents in the glabrous hand skin and examined the subsequent percepts evoked by trains of low amplitude INMS current pulses (<10 μA). We present 18 SA-II afferents where INMS resulted in a clear, electrically evoked sensation of large (∼36 mm²) diffuse pressure, which was projected precisely to their physiologically-defined receptive field in the skin. This sensation was felt as natural, distinctive from other afferents, and showed no indications of multi-afferent stimulation. Stimulus frequency modulated sensation intensity and even brief stimuli (4 pulses, 60 ms) were perceived. These results suggest that SA-II afferents contribute to perceived tactile sensations, can signal this rapidly and precisely, and are relevant and important for computational models of touch sensation and artificial prosthetic feedback.

更新日期：2022-05-15

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