Membrane proteins and lipids play roles in regulating biological functions of cells. However, the analysis of interactions between membrane proteins and lipids in biological membranes remains challenging. Native membranes typically contain heterogenous lipid mixtures and low amounts of membrane proteins. This review presents recent developments in membrane mimetics and complementary mass spectrometry approaches for the investigation of membrane protein–lipid interactions after protein expression and purification. Furthermore, it is exemplified how delipidation knowledge on membrane mimetics can be used to gain insights into the role of lipids for protein structure and function. Because every technology has its strengths and weaknesses, it becomes apparent that integrated research approaches will facilitate the investigation of complex membrane environments in the future.

膜蛋白和脂质在调节细胞的生物学功能中发挥作用。然而，分析生物膜中膜蛋白和脂质之间的相互作用仍然具有挑战性。天然膜通常含有异质脂质混合物和少量膜蛋白。本综述介绍了膜模拟物和互补质谱方法的最新进展，用于研究蛋白质表达和纯化后的膜蛋白-脂质相互作用。此外，还举例说明了如何使用关于膜模拟物的脱脂知识来深入了解脂质对蛋白质结构和功能的作用。因为每一种技术都有它的长处和短处，