Mosquito blood feeding plays a key role in epidemiology. Despite its importance and large number of studies worldwide, less attention has been paid in South America. We summarized some general concepts and methodological issues related to the study of mosquito blood feeding habits, and compiled and analyzed all published information regarding the subject in the continent until 2020. Available literature comprised 152 scientific studies, that pursued different approaches: human landing catches (102 studies), baited trap (19), and blood meal analyses of collected specimens (38). Among the latter, 23 used serological and 15 molecular techniques. Species most frequently studied were those incriminated in malaria transmission, whereas relevant vectors such as Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Haemagogus janthinomys were surprisingly neglected. Brazil was the leading country both in number of works and species studied. For over 70% of the species and three out of 13 South American countries there is no single information on mosquito blood feeding habits. Data from baited traps included 143 mosquito species, 83.9% of which were attracted to humans, either exclusively (10.5%) or in combination with other vertebrates (73.4%). Host blood identification of field collected specimens provided data on 102 mosquito species, and 60.8% of these fed on humans (55.9% combined with other vertebrates). Only 17 of the 73 species assessed by both methods yielded similar feeding patterns. Finally, supplementary tables are provided in a comprehensive summary of all information available and information gaps are highlighted for future research in the continent.

蚊子吸血在流行病学中起着关键作用。尽管它很重要并且在世界范围内进行了大量研究，但在南美洲却很少受到关注。我们总结了一些与蚊子吸血习性研究相关的一般概念和方法问题，并汇编和分析了截至 2020 年该大陆所有已发表的关于该主题的信息。现有文献包括 152 项科学研究，采用了不同的方法：人类登陆捕获（ 102 项研究）、诱捕器（19）和采集标本的血粉分析（38）。在后者中，23 项使用了血清学技术，15 项使用了分子技术。研究最频繁的物种是那些与疟疾传播有关的物种，而相关的媒介如埃及伊蚊、Ae。白纹伊蚊, 和Haemagogus janthinomys令人惊讶地被忽视了。巴西在作品数量和研究物种方面均处于领先地位。对于超过 70% 的物种和 13 个南美洲国家中的三个，没有关于蚊子吸血习性的单一信息。来自诱饵陷阱的数据包括 143 种蚊子，其中 83.9% 被人类吸引，要么是专门（10.5%），要么是与其他脊椎动物结合（73.4%）。现场采集标本的宿主血液鉴定提供了 102 种蚊子的数据，其中 60.8% 以人类为食（55.9% 与其他脊椎动物相结合）。在用这两种方法评估的 73 个物种中，只有 17 个物种的摄食模式相似。最后，在所有可用信息的综合摘要中提供了补充表格，并强调了该大陆未来研究的信息差距。