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NiOx Nanocrystals with Tunable Size and Energy Levels for Efficient and UV Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-12 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202203049 Xiaxia Cui 1 , Junjun Jin 1 , Junjie Zou 1 , Qiang Tang 1 , Yuan Ai 2 , Xiang Zhang 1 , Zhen Wang 1 , Yuan Zhou 1 , Zhenkun Zhu 1 , Guanqi Tang 3 , Qiang Cao 1 , Sheng Liu 1 , Xiaowei Liu 1 , Qidong Tai 1
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-12 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202203049 Xiaxia Cui 1 , Junjun Jin 1 , Junjie Zou 1 , Qiang Tang 1 , Yuan Ai 2 , Xiang Zhang 1 , Zhen Wang 1 , Yuan Zhou 1 , Zhenkun Zhu 1 , Guanqi Tang 3 , Qiang Cao 1 , Sheng Liu 1 , Xiaowei Liu 1 , Qidong Tai 1
Affiliation
Solution-processed nickel oxide nanocrystals (NiOx NCs) ink can be facilely applied to deposit NiOx thin films as the hole transport layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Both the efficiency and stability of the corresponding PSCs depend significantly on the size and the energy levels of the as-synthesized NiOx NCs; however, previous studies have shown that these two aspects can be hardly controlled synchronously to maximize the device performance. Herein, a novel synthesis of highly dispersed NiOx NCs is demonstrated by employing tetraalkylammonium hydroxides (TAAOHs, alkyl = methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl) as precipitating bases, where the varied alkyl chain lengths of TAAOHs enable the size control of the NiOx NCs and the subsequent altering of their Ni3+ contents, leading to tunable energy levels of the NiOx thin films. With the longest butyl chain, the smallest crystal size and the optimal energy level alignment at the NiOx/perovskite interface are achieved. After further passivating the detrimental Ni3+ species on the surface of NiOx HTL, a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) approaching 23% is obtained, which is one of the highest PCEs reported for NiOx-based inverted PSCs. Furthermore, the unencapsulated device exhibits excellent ultraviolet stability, which maintains ≈87% of its PCE after 200 h exposure.
中文翻译:
具有可调尺寸和能级的 NiOx 纳米晶体用于高效和紫外线稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池
溶液处理的氧化镍纳米晶体 (NiO x NCs) 墨水可轻松应用于沉积 NiO x薄膜作为钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 的空穴传输层 (HTL)。相应 PSC 的效率和稳定性都很大程度上取决于合成的 NiO x NC 的尺寸和能级;然而,先前的研究表明,这两个方面很难同步控制以最大化设备性能。在此,通过使用氢氧化四烷基铵( TAAOHs,烷基=甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基)作为沉淀碱,其中 TAAOH 的不同烷基链长度能够控制 NiO x NCs 的尺寸并随后改变它们的 Ni 3+含量,从而导致 NiO x薄层的能级可调电影。具有最长的丁基链,在NiO x /钙钛矿界面处实现了最小的晶体尺寸和最佳的能级排列。在进一步钝化NiO x HTL表面的有害 Ni 3+物质后,获得了接近 23% 的显着功率转换效率 (PCE),这是已报道的 NiO x的最高 PCE 之一-基于倒置的 PSC。此外,未封装的器件表现出出色的紫外线稳定性,在暴露 200 小时后仍保持≈ 87% 的 PCE。
更新日期:2022-05-12
中文翻译:
具有可调尺寸和能级的 NiOx 纳米晶体用于高效和紫外线稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池
溶液处理的氧化镍纳米晶体 (NiO x NCs) 墨水可轻松应用于沉积 NiO x薄膜作为钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 的空穴传输层 (HTL)。相应 PSC 的效率和稳定性都很大程度上取决于合成的 NiO x NC 的尺寸和能级;然而,先前的研究表明,这两个方面很难同步控制以最大化设备性能。在此,通过使用氢氧化四烷基铵( TAAOHs,烷基=甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基)作为沉淀碱,其中 TAAOH 的不同烷基链长度能够控制 NiO x NCs 的尺寸并随后改变它们的 Ni 3+含量,从而导致 NiO x薄层的能级可调电影。具有最长的丁基链,在NiO x /钙钛矿界面处实现了最小的晶体尺寸和最佳的能级排列。在进一步钝化NiO x HTL表面的有害 Ni 3+物质后,获得了接近 23% 的显着功率转换效率 (PCE),这是已报道的 NiO x的最高 PCE 之一-基于倒置的 PSC。此外,未封装的器件表现出出色的紫外线稳定性,在暴露 200 小时后仍保持≈ 87% 的 PCE。