The effect of calcium substitution on the structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and energy storage properties of BaTiO₃ (BT) ceramics has been investigated. XRD confirmed the phase formation of Barium Calcium Titanate (BCT), and structural Rietveld refinement was used to estimate the lattice parameters. It is evident from the SEM data that the average grain size decreases as calcium is added. At Curie temperature (110 °C), BCT 0.10 ceramic has a good dielectric constant of 15834 and a very low dielectric loss of 0.009. According to the ferroelectric and piezoelectric investigations, BCT 0.10 exhibits maximum spontaneous polarization with the highest piezoelectric charge coefficient of 100 pC/N. BCT 0.10 has a maximum energy storage density of 96.8 mJ/cm³ and a good energy storage efficiency of 53.9%, which is around three times that of pure BaTiO₃. These results suggest that the BCT ceramic has good potential for energy storage applications.

_{研究了钙替代对 BaTiO 3} (BT) 陶瓷的结构、介电、铁电、压电和储能性能的影响。XRD 证实了钛酸钡钙 (BCT) 的相形成，并使用结构 Rietveld 细化来估计晶格参数。从 SEM 数据可以明显看出，平均晶粒尺寸随着钙的添加而减小。在居里温度 (110 °C) 下，BCT 0.10 陶瓷具有 15834 的良好介电常数和 0.009 的极低介电损耗。根据铁电和压电研究，BCT 0.10 表现出最大的自发极化，最高的压电电荷系数为 100 pC/N。BCT 0.10的最大储能密度为96.8 mJ/cm ³53.9%的良好储能效率，约为纯BaTiO ₃的3倍。这些结果表明，BCT陶瓷具有良好的储能应用潜力。