Spherical cerium dioxide (CeO₂–S) nanoparticles were successfully prepared using a solvothermal method, and their performances in catalytic oxidation reactions were studied. The CeO₂–S catalyst showed superior low-temperature catalytic activity for styrene removal (T₉₀ = 118 °C, GHSV = 18,000 h⁻¹) compared with commercial CeO₂. The characterization results showed that there were numerous oxygen defects in CeO₂–S that were key to its catalytic performance at low temperatures, high redox properties, and high adsorption capacity for the reaction gases (O₂ and styrene). Moreover, the catalytic performance of CeO₂–S was highly stable (132 h), and the particles were reusable. FTIR and in-situ DRIFTS results showed that the type of intermediates formed during the oxidation of styrene determined the CeO₂ catalytic stability, and the main intermediates were bidentate carbonate species that accumulated on the surface of deactivated CeO₂–S and were not thermally stable. Moreover, the soft carbon that also deposited on CeO₂–S during the reaction was easily decomposed at higher temperatures. The role of the oxygen vacancies on the CeO₂–S catalyst was further revealed by correlating the concentration of oxygen vacancies and the accumulation of coke on the catalyst surface.

采用溶剂热法成功制备了球形二氧化铈（CeO _{2 -S）纳米颗粒，并研究了它们在催化氧化反应中的性能。与商业CeO 2}相比， CeO ₂ -S 催化剂在去除苯乙烯方面表现出优异的低温催化活性（T ₉₀  = 118 °C，GHSV = 18,000 h ^-1）。表征结果表明，CeO ₂ -S 中存在许多氧缺陷，这是其在低温下的催化性能、高氧化还原性能和对反应气体（O ₂和苯乙烯）具有高吸附能力的关键。此外，CeO _{2的催化性能}-S 高度稳定（132 小时），颗粒可重复使用。FTIR和原位DRIFTS结果表明，苯乙烯氧化过程中形成的中间体类型决定了CeO ₂的催化稳定性，主要的中间体是在失活的CeO ₂ -S表面积累的二齿碳酸盐物质，并且不是热稳定的。 . 此外，在反应过程中也沉积在 CeO ₂ -S 上的软碳在较高温度下很容易分解。通过关联氧空位的浓度和催化剂表面焦炭的积累，进一步揭示了氧空位对 CeO _{2 -S 催化剂的作用。}