The review focuses on the recent development in anode materials and their synthesis approach, focusing on their compatibility for treating actual industrial wastewater, improving selectivity, electrocatalytic activity, stability at higher concentration, and thereby reducing the mineralization cost for organic pollutant degradation. The advancement in sol–gel technique, including the Pechini method, is discussed in the first section. A separate discussion related to the selection of the electrodeposition method and its deciding parameters is also included. Furthermore, the effect of using advanced heating approaches, including microwave and laser deposition synthesis, is also discussed. Next, a separate discussion is provided on using different types of anode materials and their effect on active •OH radical generation, activity, and electrode stability in direct and indirect oxidation and future aspects. The effect of using different synthesis approaches, additives, and doping is discussed separately for each anode. Graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal doping enhance the number of active sites, electrochemical activity, and mineralization current efficiency (MCE) of the anode. While, microwave or laser heating approaches were proved to be an effective, cheaper, and fast alternative to conventional heating. The electrodeposition and nonaqueous solvent synthesis were convenient and environment-friendly techniques for conductive metallic and polymeric film deposition.

中文翻译：

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废水电化学氧化阳极发展研究趋势

该综述重点介绍了负极材料及其合成方法的最新发展，重点关注它们在处理实际工业废水中的相容性、提高选择性、电催化活性、在较高浓度下的稳定性，从而降低有机污染物降解的矿化成本。第一部分讨论了溶胶-凝胶技术的进步，包括 Pechini 方法。还包括有关选择电沉积方法及其决定参数的单独讨论。此外，还讨论了使用先进加热方法（包括微波和激光沉积合成）的效果。接下来，单独讨论使用不同类型的负极材料及其对活性•OH自由基生成、活性、和电极在直接和间接氧化和未来方面的稳定性。针对每个阳极分别讨论了使用不同合成方法、添加剂和掺杂的效果。石墨烯、碳纳米管 (CNT) 和金属掺杂可提高阳极的活性位点数量、电化学活性和矿化电流效率 (MCE)。同时，微波或激光加热方法被证明是传统加热的有效、便宜和快速的替代方案。电沉积和非水溶剂合成是用于导电金属和聚合物薄膜沉积的方便且环保的技术。碳纳米管 (CNT) 和金属掺杂可提高阳极的活性位点数量、电化学活性和矿化电流效率 (MCE)。同时，微波或激光加热方法被证明是传统加热的有效、便宜和快速的替代方案。电沉积和非水溶剂合成是用于导电金属和聚合物薄膜沉积的方便且环保的技术。碳纳米管 (CNT) 和金属掺杂可提高阳极的活性位点数量、电化学活性和矿化电流效率 (MCE)。同时，微波或激光加热方法被证明是传统加热的有效、便宜和快速的替代方案。电沉积和非水溶剂合成是用于导电金属和聚合物薄膜沉积的方便且环保的技术。