<br>HP1蛋白在转录调控中的功能,Epigenetics & Chromatin

当前位置： X-MOL 学术 › Epigenet. Chromatin › 论文详情

Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)

HP1蛋白在转录调控中的功能
Epigenetics & Chromatin ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-07 , DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00453-8
John M Schoelz ₁ , Nicole C Riddle ₁

Affiliation

在真核生物中，DNA 被包装到染色质中，这对转录造成了重大障碍。非组蛋白染色质蛋白，例如异染色质蛋白 1 (HP1) 蛋白是转录的关键调节因子，通过多种分子机制促进基因调控。 HP1蛋白高度保守，许多真核生物基因组含有多个HP1基因。鉴于基因组中存在多个 HP1 家族成员，HP1 蛋白可以具有独特和共享的功能。在这里，我们回顾了 HP1 蛋白参与转录调节的机制。我们重点关注果蝇 HP1 蛋白，研究这些蛋白在调节基因转录、转座元件和 piRNA 簇中的作用。在黑腹果蝇中，与其他物种一样，HP1 蛋白可以充当转录抑制子和激活子。现有数据表明，HP1 蛋白对基因表达的精确影响高度依赖于上下文，取决于所涉及的特定 HP1 蛋白、其存在的蛋白质伙伴以及发生相互作用的特定染色质上下文。作为一个组，HP1 蛋白利用多种机制有助于转录调控，包括转录（即基于染色质）和转录后（即基于RNA）过程。尽管对这个重要的蛋白质家族进行了广泛的研究，但关于它们在基因调控中的功能的悬而未决的问题仍然存在，特别是关于 HP1 蛋白质的异源二聚化与同源二聚化以及翻译后修饰的作用。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Functions of HP1 proteins in transcriptional regulation

In eukaryotes, DNA is packaged into chromatin, which presents significant barriers to transcription. Non-histone chromatin proteins such as the Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) proteins are critical regulators of transcription, contributing to gene regulation through a variety of molecular mechanisms. HP1 proteins are highly conserved, and many eukaryotic genomes contain multiple HP1 genes. Given the presence of multiple HP1 family members within a genome, HP1 proteins can have unique as well as shared functions. Here, we review the mechanisms by which HP1 proteins contribute to the regulation of transcription. Focusing on the Drosophila melanogaster HP1 proteins, we examine the role of these proteins in regulating the transcription of genes, transposable elements, and piRNA clusters. In D. melanogaster, as in other species, HP1 proteins can act as transcriptional repressors and activators. The available data reveal that the precise impact of HP1 proteins on gene expression is highly context dependent, on the specific HP1 protein involved, on its protein partners present, and on the specific chromatin context the interaction occurs in. As a group, HP1 proteins utilize a variety of mechanisms to contribute to transcriptional regulation, including both transcriptional (i.e. chromatin-based) and post-transcriptional (i.e. RNA-based) processes. Despite extensive studies of this important protein family, open questions regarding their functions in gene regulation remain, specifically regarding the role of hetero- versus homodimerization and post-translational modifications of HP1 proteins.

更新日期：2022-05-09

点击分享查看原文

点击收藏

公开下载

阅读更多本刊新发论文本刊介绍/投稿指南