Algae contains most of the marine biogenic S, and is the main producer of dimethylsulfide, of which oxidation products contribute ~ 40% acidity of the acid rain. The biogenic S of red algae mainly exists in carrageenan molecules. In this work, 89% of C and 96% of biogenic S in carrageenan was synchronically fixed into biochar to form thiophene S decorated biochar aerogel (SCA), efficiently preventing the loss of C and S elements. More importantly, the presence of thiophene S structure in SCA can “push” electrons into the antibonding orbitals of N₂, and simultaneously “pull” the lone-pair electrons from N₂, thus endowing the SCA super activity for nitrogen reduction reaction. Experimentally, its NH₃ yield rate reaches high as 36.69 μg h⁻¹ mg⁻¹_cat, surpassing most metal-free electrocatalysts. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the thiophene S can promote the absorption and activation of N₂, and efficiently lower the energy barrier of N₂ protonation.

藻类含有大部分海洋生物源硫，是二甲基硫醚的主要生产者，其中氧化产物贡献了约 40% 的酸雨酸度。红藻的生物源性S主要存在于卡拉胶分子中。在这项工作中，卡拉胶中 89% 的 C 和 96% 的生物源 S 同步固定在生物炭中，形成噻吩 S 修饰的生物炭气凝胶 (SCA)，有效防止了 C 和 S 元素的损失。更重要的是，SCA中噻吩S结构的存在可以将电子“推”入N 2 的反键轨道_，同时从N ₂中“拉”出孤对电子，从而赋予了SCA对氮还原反应的超强活性。经实验，其NH ₃产率高达36.69 μg h ^-1mg ^-1 _cat，超过大多数无金属电催化剂。理论计算表明，噻吩S可以促进N 2 的吸收和活化_，有效降低N ₂质子化的能垒。