<br>利用水果相关性状选择有前景的无花果 (Ficus carica L.) 种质,Food Science & Nutrition

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利用水果相关性状选择有前景的无花果 (Ficus carica L.) 种质
Food Science & Nutrition ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-15 , DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2886
Ali Khadivi ₁ , Farhad Mirheidari ₁

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如今，无花果（ Ficus carica L.）果实可以新鲜食用或干燥，并用于生产果酱或烈性饮料。对 49 个野生食用无花果样品的形态和果树多样性进行了评估。方差分析揭示了使用记录的形态数据研究的野生种之间的显着差异。成熟时间为7月下旬至8月中旬。果皮底色表现出较高的变异性，包括奶油色紫色（4 个品种）、紫黄色（8 份）、浅紫色（7 份）、紫色（15 份）、深紫色（5 份）、紫色奶油色（3 份）和奶油色（7）。果实相关性状范围为：果长：12.65~22.60 mm，果宽：10.67~24.18 mm，果实鲜重：2.52~6.13 g，果肉厚度：0.85~1.89 mm。主成分分析 (PCA) 显示 10 个独立成分可以解释 84.11% 的总方差。根据获得的数据创建的病房树状图揭示了种质之间的变异，并显示出两个主要簇。目前的结果表明，所研究的材料具有显着的表型变异，其中一些在大小、颜色和味道上都具有优质果实的材料可以种植并用于育种计划。有关种质遗传多样性当前水平的信息对于制定野生形式保护策略至关重要。

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Selection of the promising fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions using fruit-related characters

Nowadays, fig (Ficus carica L.) fruits are consumed either fresh or dried and used for jam or spirit beverage production. Morphological and pomological diversity of 49 wild edible fig accessions sampled was evaluated. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the wild accessions studied using the morphological data recorded. Ripening time ranged from late July to mid-August. Fruit skin ground color showed high variability, including cream–purple (4 accessions), purple–yellow (8), light purple (7), purple (15), dark purple (5), purple–cream (3), and cream (7). The range of fruit-related traits was as follows: fruit length: 12.65–22.60 mm, fruit width: 10.67–24.18 mm, fruit fresh weight: 2.52–6.13 g, and fruit flesh thickness: 0.85–1.89 mm. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed 10 independent components that could explain 84.11% of total variance. Ward dendrogram created according to the data obtained revealed the variation among the accessions and showed two major clusters. The present results showed that the studied accessions had remarkable phenotypic variation, and among them, some accessions with high-quality fruits in size, color, and taste can be planted and then used in the breeding programs. Information on the current levels of genetic diversity of germplasm is essential for devising strategies for wild forms conservation.

更新日期：2022-04-15

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