手风琴框架为锂离子电池提供独立式高硅含量阳极,Energy & Environmental Materials

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手风琴框架为锂离子电池提供独立式高硅含量阳极
Energy & Environmental Materials ( IF 13.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-13 , DOI: 10.1002/eem2.12400
Zedong Zhao ₁ , Lei Dong _{1,

2} , Qin Huang ₃ , Tianqi Wu ₁ , Fugang Zhao ₄ , Yixuan Guo ₁ , Bo Hu ₁ , Yuanhang Ge ₁ , Jiajia Zhang ₁ , Keyu Xie ₃ , Hongbin Lu _{1,

5}

Affiliation

对于下一代高能锂离子电池来说，在实际加工和应用中实现高性能硅（Si）阳极是非常理想的。然而，为了确保局部导电性并抑制Si颗粒的粉化趋势，高含量的惰性基体（包括导电剂和粘合剂）往往是必不可少的，从而导致基于整个电极质量的巨大容量损失。在这里，我们设计了一种手风琴结构的高性能电极，其硅含量高达 95%。硅纳米粒子很好地锚定在手风琴状石墨烯阵列的层间距中，并且通过简单的过滤过程无需任何粘合剂即可制备独立式电极。导电手风琴框架确保了硅纳米颗粒的强约束作用，并提供了直接、用于快速电化学反应动力学的非曲折通道。因此，手风琴式硅电极表现出高达 3149 mAh g 的超高电极容量^-1（Si含量为91%时），以及长期稳定性。此外，手风琴电极可以承受过锂化的极端条件，并在全电池测试中保持稳定。该设计在高硅含量方面向现实的高性能电极迈出了一大步。

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Accordion Frameworks Enable Free-Standing, High Si Content Anode for Li-ion Batteries

Implementing high-performance silicon (Si) anode in actual processing and application is highly desirable for next-generation, high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, high content of inactive matrix (including conductive agent and binder) is often indispensable in order to ensure local conductivity and suppress pulverization tendency of Si particles, which thus cause great capacity loss based on the mass of whole electrode. Here, we designed an accordion-structured, high-performance electrode with high Si content up to 95%. Si nanoparticles were well anchored into the interlayer spacings of accordion-like graphene arrays, and free-standing electrode was prepared via a simple filtration process without any binder. Conductive accordion framework ensures strong confinement effect of Si nanoparticles and also provides direct, non-tortuous channels for fast electrochemical reaction kinetics. As a consequence, the accordion Si electrodes exhibit ultrahigh, electrode-based capacities up to 3149 mAh g⁻¹ (under Si content of 91%), as well as long-term stability. Also, the accordion electrode can bear extreme condition of over-lithiation and maintains stable in full-cell test. This design provides a significant stride in high Si content toward realistic, high-performance electrodes.

更新日期：2022-04-13

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