沙蚕体腔细胞中免疫相关分子的转录组学分析（Linnaeus，1758）,Journal of Experimental Zoology-B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution

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沙蚕体腔细胞中免疫相关分子的转录组学分析（Linnaeus，1758）
Journal of Experimental Zoology-B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-19 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23135
Maria V Stanovova ₁ , Guzel R Gazizova ₂ , Alexander M Gorbushin ₃

Affiliation

在叶轮动物的不同分类群中，免疫系统的组织和功能研究仍然不均衡。我们分析了沙蚕Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758; Annelida, Polychaeta) 体腔细胞的转录组学数据，以深入了解参与多毛类免疫的分子机制。体腔细胞是特殊的运动细胞，填充在环节动物的体腔液中，负责细胞防御反应并提供体液免疫因子。通过用大肠杆菌的脂多糖和来自酿酒酵母的酵母聚糖在体外攻击细胞，转录组富含免疫相关的转录本。我们的分析揭示了沙蚕的多方面和复杂的内部防御系统。A. marina拥有原始补体样因子的直系同源物：六种含硫酯的蛋白质、补体样受体和 MASP 相关丝氨酸蛋白酶 (MReM2)。A.码头体腔细胞使用模式识别受体来检测病原体和调节免疫反应。其中，有 18 种 Toll 样受体和各种推定的凝集素样蛋白，具有进化保守和类群特异性结构域。C 型凝集素和一个新的 Gal 结合家族和包含受体的 CUB 域在转录组中最为丰富。与其他无脊椎动物物种相比，体腔细胞中的成孔蛋白阵列令人惊讶地减少了。我们对一组代谢活性氧和一氧化氮的保守蛋白质进行了表征，并扩大了潜在抗菌肽的库。沙蚕免疫细胞中的酚氧化酶活性仅由漆酶介导。

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Transcriptomic profiling of immune-associated molecules in the coelomocytes of lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Organization and functioning of immune system remain unevenly studied in different taxa of lophotrochozoan animals. We analyzed transcriptomic data on coelomocytes of the lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758; Annelida, Polychaeta) to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in polychaete immunity. Coelomocytes are specialized motile cells populating coelomic fluid of annelids, responsible for cellular defense reactions and providing humoral immune factors. The transcriptome was enriched with immune-related transcripts by challenging the cells in vitro with lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Zymosan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our analysis revealed a multifaceted and complex internal defense system of the lugworm. A. marina possesses orthologs of proto-complement-like factors: six thioester-containing proteins, a complement-like receptor, and a MASP-related serine protease (MReM2). A. marina coelomocytes employ pattern-recognition receptors to detect pathogens and regulate immune responses. Among them, there are 18 Toll-like receptors and various putative lectin-like proteins with evolutionary conserved and taxa-specific domains. C-type lectins and a novel family of Gal-binding and CUB domains containing receptors were the most abundant in the transcriptome. The array of pore-forming proteins in the coelomocytes was surprisingly reduced compared to that of other invertebrate species. We characterized a set of conserved proteins metabolizing reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and expanded the arsenal of potential antimicrobial peptides. Phenoloxidase activity in immune cells of lugworm is mediated only by laccase enzyme. The described repertoire of immune-associated molecules provides valuable candidates for further functional and comparative research on the immunity of annelids.

更新日期：2022-04-19

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