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Who Owns a Deadly Virus? Viral Sovereignty, Global Health Emergencies, and the Matrix of the International
International Political Sociology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 , DOI: 10.1093/ips/olab037
Stefan Elbe 1
Affiliation  

This article investigates the global inequities imbricated in the international response to lethal viruses. It does so by developing a virographic approach to the study of international relations that builds upon the matrix methods pioneered within black feminist thought for unraveling particularly complex forms of interlocking oppression. Performing such a virography of international relations exposes the multifaceted economic, racial, and epistemological disparities embedded in the international management of emergent viruses. It further demonstrates how those multiple axes of international inequality intersect during viral outbreaks to form a deadly matrix of global subjugation—vital abandonment—that repeatedly deprives the world's majority population from equitable access to life-saving biomedical interventions. It finally also reveals how diplomatic assertions of viral sovereignty, that is, claiming legal ownership of pathogens, are directly enrolling lethal viruses now in the political strategies of countries seeking to resist their vital abandonment. Overall, a virography thus contributes to the broader study of international relations by foregrounding the global salience of epidemiological injustices and positionalities, by capturing the actant power of lethal viruses in contemporary world politics, and by intimating that the “international” can itself be studied as a continually reconfiguring matrix of interlocking and historically conditioned global inequities.

中文翻译:

谁拥有致命病毒?病毒主权、全球突发卫生事件和国际矩阵

本文调查了国际对致命病毒的反应中所涉及的全球不平等。它通过开发一种病毒学方法来研究国际关系,这种方法建立在黑人女权主义思想中开创的矩阵方法的基础上,用于解开特别复杂的连锁压迫形式。对国际关系进行这样的病毒学研究揭示了嵌入在新兴病毒国际管理中的多方面的经济、种族和认识论差异。它进一步展示了在病毒爆发期间,这些国际不平等的多个轴如何相交,形成一个致命的全球征服矩阵——重要的放弃——反复剥夺世界上大多数人口公平获得拯救生命的生物医学干预的机会。最后,它还揭示了病毒主权的外交主张,即声称对病原体的合法所有权,现在如何直接将致命病毒纳入寻求抵制其重要遗弃的国家的政治战略。总的来说,病毒学因此有助于更广泛地研究国际关系,因为它突出了流行病学不公正和立场的全球突出性,捕捉了当代世界政治中致命病毒的作用力,并暗示“国际”本身可以被研究为一个不断重新配置的连锁和历史条件下的全球不平等矩阵。现在正在将致命病毒直接纳入寻求抵制其重要遗弃的国家的政治战略中。总的来说,病毒学因此有助于更广泛地研究国际关系,因为它突出了流行病学不公正和立场的全球突出性,捕捉了当代世界政治中致命病毒的作用力,并暗示“国际”本身可以被研究为一个不断重新配置的连锁和历史条件下的全球不平等矩阵。现在正在将致命病毒直接纳入寻求抵制其重要遗弃的国家的政治战略中。总的来说,病毒学因此有助于更广泛地研究国际关系,因为它突出了流行病学不公正和立场的全球突出性,捕捉了当代世界政治中致命病毒的作用力,并暗示“国际”本身可以被研究为一个不断重新配置的连锁和历史条件下的全球不平等矩阵。
更新日期:2022-04-01
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