在雌性大鼠的核外神经元位点以及伏核核和壳的神经胶质细胞中观察到的雌激素受体：定位于儿茶酚胺能和 GABA 能神经元的证据,The Journal of Comparative Neurology

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在雌性大鼠的核外神经元位点以及伏核核和壳的神经胶质细胞中观察到的雌激素受体：定位于儿茶酚胺能和 GABA 能神经元的证据
The Journal of Comparative Neurology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-09 , DOI: 10.1002/cne.25320
Anne Almey ₁ , Teresa A Milner _{2,

3} , Wayne G Brake ₁

Affiliation

雌激素影响多巴胺依赖性疾病/行为，并对伏核 (NAc) 中的多巴胺释放和受体可用性产生快速影响。NAc 中核雌激素受体 (ER) α 和 ERβ 水平较低，这不能解释雌激素在该区域的快速作用。在 NAc 壳中观察到 G 蛋白偶联 ER 1 (GPER1) 水平较低，这也可能无法解释雌激素在该区域的一系列作用。先前的研究表明，背侧纹状体中存在与膜相关的 ER；这些实验将这些发现扩展到 NAc 核心和外壳。单免疫标记和双免疫标记电子显微镜确定 ERα、ERβ 和 GPER1 是否位于 NAc 核心和壳的核外位点，以及 ERα 和 GPER1 是否定位于儿茶酚胺能或 γ-氨基丁酸能 (GABA 能) 神经元。所有三种 ER 几乎都在 NAc 的核外位点上观察到，并且类似地分布在核和壳中。ERα、ERβ 和 GPER1 主要存在于轴突和轴突末端，表明雌激素通过突触前机制影响 NAc 中的传递。大约 10% 的受体存在于神经胶质细胞上。一小部分 ERα 和 GPER1 定位于儿茶酚胺能末端，表明这些 ER 上的结合改变了儿茶酚胺（包括多巴胺）的释放。较大比例的 ERα 和 GPER1 定位于 GABA 能树突和末端，表明雌激素改变 GABA 能传递从而间接影响 NAc 中的多巴胺传递。因此，ER 的定位可以解释雌激素在 NAc 中的快速作用。

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Estrogen receptors observed at extranuclear neuronal sites and in glia in the nucleus accumbens core and shell of the female rat: Evidence for localization to catecholaminergic and GABAergic neurons

Estrogens affect dopamine-dependent diseases/behavior and have rapid effects on dopamine release and receptor availability in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Low levels of nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ are seen in the NAc, which cannot account for the rapid effects of estrogens in this region. G-protein coupled ER 1 (GPER1) is observed at low levels in the NAc shell, which also likely does not account for the array of estrogens’ effects in this region. Prior studies demonstrated membrane-associated ERs in the dorsal striatum; these experiments extend those findings to the NAc core and shell. Single- and dual-immunolabeling electron microscopy determined whether ERα, ERβ, and GPER1 are at extranuclear sites in the NAc core and shell and whether ERα and GPER1 were localized to catecholaminergic or γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) neurons. All three ERs are observed, almost exclusively, at extranuclear sites in the NAc, and similarly distributed in the core and shell. ERα, ERβ, and GPER1 are primarily in axons and axon terminals suggesting that estrogens affect transmission in the NAc via presynaptic mechanisms. About 10% of these receptors are found on glia. A small proportion of ERα and GPER1 are localized to catecholaminergic terminals, suggesting that binding at these ERs alters release of catecholamines, including dopamine. A larger proportion of ERα and GPER1 are localized to GABAergic dendrites and terminals, suggesting that estrogens alter GABAergic transmission to indirectly affect dopamine transmission in the NAc. Thus, the localization of ERs could account for the rapid effects of estrogen in the NAc.

更新日期：2022-04-09

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