Cancer is associated with a comprehensive burden that significantly affects patient’s quality of life. Even though patients’ disease condition is improving following conventional therapies, researchers are studying alternative tools that can penetrate solid tumours to deliver the therapeutics due to issues of developing resistance by the cancer cells. Treating cancer is not the only the goal in cancer therapy; it also includes protecting non-cancerous cells from the toxic effects of anti-cancer agents. Thus, various advanced techniques, such as cell-based drug delivery, bacteria-mediated therapy, and nanoparticles, are devised for site-specific delivery of drugs. One of the novel methods that can be targeted to deliver anti-cancer agents is by utilising genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species. This is due to the ability of bacterial species to multiply selectively or non-selectively on tumour cells, resulting in biofilms that leads to disruption of metastasis process. In preclinical studies, this technology has shown significant results in terms of efficacy, and some are currently under investigation. Therefore, researchers have conducted studies on bacteria transporting the anti-cancer drug to targeted tumours. Alternatively, bacterial ghosts and bacterial spores are utilised to deliver anti-cancer drugs. Although in vivo studies of bacteria-mediated cancer therapy have shown successful outcome, further research on bacteria, specifically their targeting mechanism, is required to establish a complete clinical approach in cancer treatment. This review has focused on the up-to-date understanding of bacteria as a therapeutic carrier in the treatment of cancer as an emerging field.

癌症与严重影响患者生活质量的综合负担有关。尽管传统疗法后患者的疾病状况正在改善，但由于癌细胞产生抗药性的问题，研究人员正在研究可以穿透实体瘤以提供治疗的替代工具。治疗癌症并不是癌症治疗的唯一目标；它还包括保护非癌细胞免受抗癌剂的毒性作用。因此，各种先进的技术，如基于细胞的药物递送、细菌介导的治疗和纳米颗粒，被设计用于药物的特定部位递送。可以靶向递送抗癌剂的新方法之一是利用转基因的非致病细菌物种。这是由于细菌物种能够选择性地或非选择性地在肿瘤细胞上繁殖，从而产生导致转移过程中断的生物膜。在临床前研究中，这项技术在疗效方面已显示出显着的效果，目前正在研究中。因此，研究人员对将抗癌药物转运至靶向肿瘤的细菌进行了研究。或者，利用细菌幽灵和细菌孢子来递送抗癌药物。虽然 研究人员已经对将抗癌药物转运到靶向肿瘤的细菌进行了研究。或者，利用细菌幽灵和细菌孢子来递送抗癌药物。虽然 研究人员已经对将抗癌药物转运到靶向肿瘤的细菌进行了研究。或者，利用细菌幽灵和细菌孢子来递送抗癌药物。虽然细菌介导的癌症治疗的体内研究已经显示出成功的结果，需要进一步研究细菌，特别是它们的靶向机制，以建立完整的癌症治疗临床方法。这篇综述的重点是对细菌作为治疗癌症的治疗载体这一新兴领域的最新认识。