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A comparison between the characteristics of a biochar-NPK granule and a commercial NPK granule for application in the soil
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155021
Sara Tahery 1 , Paul Munroe 1 , Christopher E Marjo 2 , Aditya Rawal 2 , Joseph Horvat 3 , Mohanad Mohammed 3 , J Beau W Webber 4 , Ji-Youn Arns 5 , Christoph H Arns 6 , Genxing Pan 7 , Rongjun Bian 7 , Stephen Joseph 1
Affiliation  

Continual application of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) fertilizer may not return a profit to farmers due to the costs of application and the loss of NPK from soil in various ways. Thus, a combination of NPK granule with a porous biochar (termed here as BNPK) appears to offer multiple benefits resulting from the excellent properties of biochar. Given the lack of information on the properties of NPK and BNPK fertilizers, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of both to achieve a good understanding of why BNPK granule is superior to NPK granule. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of a maize straw biochar mixed with NPK granule, before and after application to soil, and compare them to those for a commercial NPK granule. The BNPK granule, with a greater surface area and porosity, showed a higher capacity to store and donate electrons than the NPK granule. Relatively lower concentrations of Ca, P, K, Si and Mg were dissolved from the BNPK, indicating the ability of the BNPK granule to maintain these mineral elements and reduce dissolution rate. To study the nutrient storage mechanism of the BNPK granule in the soil, short- and long-term leaching experiments were conducted. During the experiments, organo-mineral clusters, comprising C, P, K, Si, Al and Fe, were formed on the surface and inside the biochar pores. However, BNPK was not effective in reducing N leaching, in the absence of plants, in a red chromosol soil.



中文翻译:

生物炭-NPK 颗粒与商业 NPK 颗粒在土壤中应用的特性比较

由于施用成本和土壤中氮磷钾的各种损失,持续施用氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)肥可能不会给农民带来利润。因此,NPK 颗粒与多孔生物炭(此处称为 BNPK)的组合似乎提供了生物炭优异性能带来的多种益处。由于缺乏关于 NPK 和 BNPK 肥料特性的信息,有必要研究两者的特性,以更好地理解为什么 BNPK 颗粒优于 NPK 颗粒。因此,本研究旨在调查与 NPK 颗粒混合的玉米秸秆生物炭在施用于土壤之前和之后的特性,并将其与商业 NPK 颗粒的特性进行比较。BNPK颗粒,具有更大的表面积和孔隙率,显示出比 NPK 颗粒更高的储存和提供电子的能力。相对较低浓度的 Ca、P、K、Si 和 Mg 从 BNPK 中溶解出来,表明 BNPK 颗粒能够保持这些矿物元素并降低溶解速率。为了研究BNPK颗粒在土壤中的养分储存机制,进行了短期和长期浸出实验。在实验过程中,在生物炭孔的表面和内部形成了由 C、P、K、Si、Al 和 Fe 组成的有机矿物簇。然而,在没有植物的情况下,BNPK 在减少红色 chromosol 土壤中的 N 浸出方面无效。表明 BNPK 颗粒保持这些矿物元素和降低溶解速率的能力。为了研究BNPK颗粒在土壤中的养分储存机制,进行了短期和长期浸出实验。在实验过程中,在生物炭孔的表面和内部形成了由 C、P、K、Si、Al 和 Fe 组成的有机矿物簇。然而,在没有植物的情况下,BNPK 在减少红色 chromosol 土壤中的 N 浸出方面无效。表明 BNPK 颗粒保持这些矿物元素和降低溶解速率的能力。为了研究BNPK颗粒在土壤中的养分储存机制,进行了短期和长期浸出实验。在实验过程中,在生物炭孔的表面和内部形成了由 C、P、K、Si、Al 和 Fe 组成的有机矿物簇。然而,在没有植物的情况下,BNPK 在减少红色 chromosol 土壤中的 N 浸出方面无效。

更新日期:2022-04-04
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