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Hierarchically Structured Black Gold Film with Ultrahigh Porosity for Solar Steam Generation
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200108 Ying Zhang 1 , Yan Wang 2 , Bin Yu 1 , Kuibo Yin 3 , Zhonghua Zhang 1
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200108 Ying Zhang 1 , Yan Wang 2 , Bin Yu 1 , Kuibo Yin 3 , Zhonghua Zhang 1
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Plasmonic metals demonstrate significant potential for solar steam generation (SSG) because of their localized surface plasmon resonance effect. However, the inherently narrow absorption spectra of plasmonic metals significantly limit their applications. The fabrication of nanostructures is essential to achieve broadband solar absorption for high-efficiency vapor generation. Herein, a self-supporting black gold (Au) film with an ultrahigh porosity and a hierarchically porous structure is fabricated by formulating an extremely dilute Cu99Au1 precursor and controlling the dealloying process. In situ and ex situ characterizations reveal the dealloying mechanism of Cu99Au1 in a 1 m HNO3 solution as that involving the phase transformation of Cu(Au) → Au(Cu) → Au, giant volume shrinkage (≈87%), structural evolution/coarsening of ligaments, and development of ultrahigh porosity (86.2%). The multiscale structure, consisting of ultrafine nanoporous nanowires, aligned nanogaps, and various microgaps, provide efficient broadband absorption over 300–2500 nm, excellent hydrophilicity, and continuous water transport. In particular, the nanoporous black Au film shows high SSG performance with an evaporation rate of 1.51 kg m–2 h–1 and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 94.5% under a light intensity of 1 kW m–2. These findings demonstrate that the nanoporous Au film has great potential for clean water production and seawater desalination.
中文翻译：
用于太阳能蒸汽发电的具有超高孔隙率的分层结构黑金膜
等离子体金属由于其局部表面等离子体共振效应而显示出太阳能蒸汽产生 (SSG) 的巨大潜力。然而，等离子体金属固有的窄吸收光谱显着限制了它们的应用。纳米结构的制造对于实现宽带太阳能吸收以实现高效蒸汽产生至关重要。在此，通过配制极稀的Cu 99 Au 1前驱体并控制脱合金过程，制备了具有超高孔隙率和分级多孔结构的自支撑黑金（Au）薄膜。原位和非原位表征揭示了 Cu 99 Au 1在 1 m HNO 3中的脱合金机制解决方案涉及Cu（Au）→Au（Cu）→Au的相变，巨大的体积收缩（≈87％），韧带的结构演变/粗化和超高孔隙率的发展（86.2％）。由超细纳米多孔纳米线、排列的纳米间隙和各种微间隙组成的多尺度结构提供了超过 300-2500 nm 的有效宽带吸收、优异的亲水性和连续的水传输。特别是，纳米多孔黑色Au薄膜表现出高SSG性能，在1 kW m -2的光强下蒸发率为1.51 kg m -2 h -1，光热转换效率为94.5% 。这些发现表明，纳米多孔金膜在清洁水生产和海水淡化方面具有巨大潜力。
更新日期：2022-04-01
中文翻译：
用于太阳能蒸汽发电的具有超高孔隙率的分层结构黑金膜
等离子体金属由于其局部表面等离子体共振效应而显示出太阳能蒸汽产生 (SSG) 的巨大潜力。然而，等离子体金属固有的窄吸收光谱显着限制了它们的应用。纳米结构的制造对于实现宽带太阳能吸收以实现高效蒸汽产生至关重要。在此，通过配制极稀的Cu 99 Au 1前驱体并控制脱合金过程，制备了具有超高孔隙率和分级多孔结构的自支撑黑金（Au）薄膜。原位和非原位表征揭示了 Cu 99 Au 1在 1 m HNO 3中的脱合金机制解决方案涉及Cu（Au）→Au（Cu）→Au的相变，巨大的体积收缩（≈87％），韧带的结构演变/粗化和超高孔隙率的发展（86.2％）。由超细纳米多孔纳米线、排列的纳米间隙和各种微间隙组成的多尺度结构提供了超过 300-2500 nm 的有效宽带吸收、优异的亲水性和连续的水传输。特别是，纳米多孔黑色Au薄膜表现出高SSG性能，在1 kW m -2的光强下蒸发率为1.51 kg m -2 h -1，光热转换效率为94.5% 。这些发现表明，纳米多孔金膜在清洁水生产和海水淡化方面具有巨大潜力。
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