一种检测古建筑砂浆中虫胶粘合剂的新方法,New Journal of Chemistry

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一种检测古建筑砂浆中虫胶粘合剂的新方法
New Journal of Chemistry ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 , DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00016d
Di Zhang ₁ , Bingjian Zhang _{1,

2} , Longguan Zhu ₁

Affiliation

紫胶，也称为紫胶，主要由木桐酸组成。由于其独特的性能，如高热塑性、耐油性、内聚力和绝缘性，被用作粘合剂、密封剂、绝缘和涂层材料。虫胶作为粘合剂的应用可以追溯到远古时代。然而，使用传统技术难以检测文物样品中的虫胶痕迹。在我们的工作中，采用碳二亚胺法将木耳酸与匙孔血蓝蛋白 (KLH) 偶联，用于制备抗木耳酸多克隆抗体 (PcAb)。我们的实验表明，抗木耳酸 PcAb 对混合物中的痕量虫胶具有良好的特异性和敏感性。在优化条件下，以牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和木耳酸（BSA-木耳酸）的偶联产物为抗原，吸附在固相聚苯乙烯表面。然后使用竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验（竞争性 ELISA）测定虫胶含量。本研究制备了特异性抗木耳酸多克隆抗体，并成功应用于传统砂浆中紫胶的鉴定。因此，我们发现并提供了一种用于考古研究的新方法，该方法可用于使用免疫技术鉴定古代黏附物种。据我们所知，这是第一项使用竞争性 ELISA 检测紫胶中低分子量和相对简单结构的链状多羟基酸木桐酸的研究。

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A new method for shellac binder detection in ancient building mortars

Shellac, also known as lac, is composed mainly of aleuritic acid. Because of its unique properties, such as high thermoplasticity, oil resistance, cohesion, and insulation, it is used as an adhesive, sealant, and insulating and coating material. The application of shellac as an adhesive can be traced back to ancient times. However, it is difficult to detect traces of shellac in cultural relic samples using traditional techniques. In our work, a carbodiimide method was applied to couple aleuritic acid with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) for the preparation of anti-aleuritic acid polyclonal antibodies (PcAb). Our experiments showed that the anti-aleuritic acid PcAb had good specificity and sensitivity to trace amounts of shellac in the mixture. Under optimized conditions, the coupling product of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and aleuritic acid (BSA-aleuritic acid) was used as an antigen and adsorbed on the solid-phase polystyrene surface. The shellac content was then determined using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (competitive ELISA). In this study, specific anti-aleuritic acid polyclonal antibodies were prepared and successfully applied to the identification of shellac in traditional mortars. We thus discovered and provided a novel method for archaeological research that can be implemented for the identification of ancient adhesive species using immunological technology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which a competitive ELISA has been used to detect aleuritic acid, a chain polyhydroxy acid with a low molecular weight and a relatively simple structure in shellac.

更新日期：2022-03-25

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