The purposes of this study were to quantify the association of the combination of air pollution and genetic risk factors with hypertension and explore the interactions between air pollution and genetic risk. This study included 391,366 participants of European ancestry initially free from pre-existing hypertension in the UK Biobank. Exposure to ambient air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM_2.5 PM_2.5-10, and PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NO_X), was estimated through land use regression modelling, and the associations between air pollutants and the incidence of hypertension were investigated using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for covariates. Furthermore, we established a polygenic risk score for hypertension and assessed the combined effect of genetic susceptibility and air pollution on incident hypertension. The results showed significant associations between the risk of hypertension and exposure to PM_2.5 (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–1.53; per 10 μg/m³), PM₁₀ (1.05, 1.00–1.09; per 10 μg/m³), and NO_X (1.01, 1.01–1.02 per 10 μg/m³). Additive effects of PM_2.5 and NO_X exposure and genetic risk were observed. Compared to individuals with a low genetic risk and low air pollution exposure, participants with high air pollution exposure and a high genetic risk had a significantly increased risk of hypertension (PM_2.5: 71% (66%–76%), PM₁₀: 59% (55%–64%), NO_X: 65% (60%–70%)). Our results indicate that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, especially in individuals with a high genetic risk.

本研究的目的是量化空气污染和遗传风险因素组合与高血压的关联，并探索空气污染与遗传风险之间的相互作用。这项研究包括 391,366 名欧洲血统的参与者，这些参与者最初在英国生物银行中没有既往存在的高血压。暴露于环境空气污染物，包括颗粒物（PM _2.5 PM _2.5-10和 PM ₁₀）、二氧化氮 (NO ₂ ) 和氮氧化物 (NO _X)，通过土地利用回归模型估算，并使用针对协变量调整的 Cox 比例风险模型研究空气污染物与高血压发病率之间的关联。此外，我们建立了高血压的多基因风险评分，并评估了遗传易感性和空气污染对高血压事件的综合影响。结果显示，高血压风险与暴露于 PM _2.5（风险比 [HR]：1.41，95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.29–1.53；每 10 μg/m ³）、PM ₁₀（1.05、1.00 –1.09；每 10 μg/m ³）和 NO _{X （每 10 μg/m} ³ 1.01、1.01–1.02 ）。_{PM 2.5}的累加效应并观察了NO _{X暴露和遗传风险。}与低遗传风险和低空气污染暴露的个体相比，高空气污染暴露和高遗传风险的参与者患高血压的风险显着增加（PM 2.5：71 _%（66%–76%），PM _10：59 % (55%–64%), NO _X : 65% (60%–70%)。我们的研究结果表明，长期暴露于空气污染与高血压风险增加有关，尤其是在具有高遗传风险的个体中。