Multi-component promoters may efficiently improve the catalytic performance of the primary Cu-based catalysts in the Rochow-Müller reaction, but this approach is not well explored, and the roles of the promoters are not very clear. Herein, we report the ZrO₂-supported CuO catalyst (CuO/ZrO₂) modified with a co-promoter of ZnO, Sn, and CuP prepared by a simple dry ball-milling method. The co-promoter could significantly increase the amount of surface adsorbed oxygen and improve the reducing ability of catalysts, facilitating the formation of the active Cu₃Si phase and further advancing dimethyldichlorosilane ((CH₃)₂SiCl₂, M2) selectivity and Si conversion in the Rochow-Müller reaction. Compared to the state-of-the-art commercial catalyst, these CuO/ZrO₂ catalysts with the co-promoters all showed enhanced catalytic activity. Especially, the CuO/ZrO₂ catalyst with the co-existence of ZnO, Sn, and CuP promoters achieved the highest M2 selectivity and Si conversion, attributed to its most abundant surface adsorption oxygen and the strongest reducibility. This work opens up a new avenue to improve the catalytic activity of Cu-based catalysts for the Rochow-Müller reaction.

多组分助催化剂可以有效提高主要铜基催化剂在 Rochow-Müller 反应中的催化性能，但这种方法没有得到很好的探索，助催化剂的作用也不是很清楚。在此，我们报道了通过简单的干式球磨法制备的用 ZnO、Sn 和 CuP 的共促进剂改性的 ZrO ₂负载的 CuO 催化剂 (CuO/ZrO _{2 )。}助促进剂可显着增加表面吸附氧量，提高催化剂的还原能力，促进活性Cu ₃ Si相的形成，进一步推进二甲基二氯硅烷（(CH ₃ ) ₂ SiCl ₂, M2) 选择性和 Rochow-Müller 反应中的 Si 转化率。与最先进的商业催化剂相比，这些具有共促进剂的 CuO/ZrO ₂催化剂均显示出增强的催化活性。尤其是ZnO、Sn和CuP助剂共存的CuO/ZrO _{2催化剂由于其表面吸附氧最丰富和还原性最强，实现了最高的M2选择性和Si转化率。}这项工作为提高铜基催化剂对 Rochow-Müller 反应的催化活性开辟了一条新途径。