Recent progress in stem cell technology and its successful translation into clinical procedures have shed new light in treating various diseases. Indeed, the past decade witnessed an exponential trend towards clinical trials with stem cell-based therapeutics. Recently, combinations of stem cell technology with other emerging technologies such as nanotechnology, tissue engineering, and biomaterials science have enriched hopes to enhance stem cell’s potential to treat diseases and injuries. The essence of these sciences is the use of a suitable biomaterial for production of a versatile platform on which other functionalities can be integrated. Among various candidates, cellulose-based biomaterials including plant and bacteria-derived cellulose have gained significant attention in stem cell technology. Due to their high availability, low cost, processability, non-immunogenicity, and non-toxic properties, appeal towards the use of these polymers is constantly rising. In the current review, we will discuss the applications, challenges, and prospects of bacteria and plant-derived cellulose in stem cell sciences.

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