当前位置: X-MOL 学术Chem. Rev. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts?
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00905
Francisco Zaera 1
Affiliation  

A critical review of different prominent nanotechnologies adapted to catalysis is provided, with focus on how they contribute to the improvement of selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis. Ways to modify catalytic sites range from the use of the reversible or irreversible adsorption of molecular modifiers to the immobilization or tethering of homogeneous catalysts and the development of well-defined catalytic sites on solid surfaces. The latter covers methods for the dispersion of single-atom sites within solid supports as well as the use of complex nanostructures, and it includes the post-modification of materials via processes such as silylation and atomic layer deposition. All these methodologies exhibit both advantages and limitations, but all offer new avenues for the design of catalysts for specific applications. Because of the high cost of most nanotechnologies and the fact that the resulting materials may exhibit limited thermal or chemical stability, they may be best aimed at improving the selective synthesis of high value-added chemicals, to be incorporated in organic synthesis schemes, but other applications are being explored as well to address problems in energy production, for instance, and to design greener chemical processes. The details of each of these approaches are discussed, and representative examples are provided. We conclude with some general remarks on the future of this field.

中文翻译:

在多相催化中设计位点:我们是否达到了与均相催化剂竞争的选择性?

提供了对适用于催化的不同突出纳米技术的批判性评论,重点是它们如何有助于提高多相催化的选择性。修饰催化位点的方法范围从使用分子修饰剂的可逆或不可逆吸附到均相催化剂的固定或束缚以及在固体表面上开发明确的催化位点。后者涵盖了单原子位点在固体载体中的分散方法以及复杂纳米结构的使用,还包括通过甲硅烷基化和原子层沉积等工艺对材料进行后改性。所有这些方法都表现出优点和局限性,但都为特定应用的催化剂设计提供了新途径。由于大多数纳米技术的高成本以及所得材料可能表现出有限的热稳定性或化学稳定性这一事实,它们可能最好旨在改进高附加值化学品的选择性合成,以纳入有机合成方案,但其他例如,正在探索应用以解决能源生产中的问题,并设计更环保的化学工艺。讨论了每种方法的细节,并提供了代表性示例。最后,我们就该领域的未来发表一些一般性评论。但也正在探索其他应用,以解决能源生产中的问题,例如,设计更环保的化学工艺。讨论了每种方法的细节,并提供了代表性示例。最后,我们就该领域的未来发表一些一般性评论。但也正在探索其他应用,以解决能源生产中的问题,例如,设计更环保的化学工艺。讨论了每种方法的细节,并提供了代表性示例。最后,我们就该领域的未来发表一些一般性评论。
更新日期:2022-03-03
down
wechat
bug