In this Essay, I argue that, in urban metros like Chicago, poor Black children are victims of not just gun violence but also the structural violence of systemic educational stratification. Structural violence occurs in the context of domination, where poor Black children are marginalized and isolated, vulnerable to lifelong subordination across many domains. Specifically, I argue that U.S. education policy subjects poor Black children to the violence of intergenerational subordination by trapping children behind residential barbed wire fences, starving their schools of necessary resources, and abusively dangling powerless community control.

中文翻译：

---

铁丝网：教育法的结构性暴力

在这篇文章中，我认为，在芝加哥这样的城市大都市中，贫穷的黑人儿童不仅是枪支暴力的受害者，也是系统性教育分层的结构性暴力的受害者。结构性暴力发生在统治的背景下，贫穷的黑人儿童被边缘化和孤立，容易在许多领域受到终身从属。具体来说，我认为美国的教育政策将贫困的黑人儿童困在住宅带刺铁丝网后面，使他们的学校缺乏必要的资源，并滥用无权的社区控制权，从而使贫困的黑人儿童遭受代际从属的暴力。