Drug Delivery and Translational Research ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-02-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01139-0 Sajjad Khan Einipour 1 , Mehdi Sadrjahani 2 , Alireza Rezapour 1, 3
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One of the main reasons infected wounds go untreated is that antibiotic-resistant bacteria mainly cause infection. Vancomycin is an antibiotic used against Gram-positive bacteria, such as MRSA, but it has limited intravenous use due to its toxicity. This study describes using a local drug delivery approach at the wound site. The aim is to prepare a silk dressing containing dialdehyde starch nanoparticles loaded with vancomycin that can cure infection through the controlled release of antibiotics. First, the starch was oxidized by sodium periodate solution and converted to dialdehyde starch. Dialdehyde starch was converted into nanoparticles by the microemulsion method. Simultaneously, with nanoparticle formation, the antibiotic vancomycin (VAN), added to the solution, was loaded into the dialdehyde starch nanoparticles (DASNP). The wound dressing (SF/DASNP/VAN) was prepared by adding nanoparticles containing antibiotics to the silk fibroin (SF) solution, and then, the solution containing the nanoparticles was freeze-dried, and the nanoparticles were placed inside the silk matrix. Drug release of dressings was performed by immersion in phosphate-buffered saline, and cytotoxicity by MTT assay and antibacterial properties of dressings were investigated by the inhibition zone method. The morphology of the SF/DASNP/VAN dressing, its biocompatibility, antibacterial efficiency, and antibiotic release kinetics were assessed. The synthesized dressing has the desired biocompatibility with 69% cell viability and shows antibacterial properties against MRSA with a growth inhibition zone diameter of 12 mm. Also, VAN was successfully incorporated into the dressing, resulting in a 144-h continuous release profile. It may be concluded that the fabricated dressing based on silk and dialdehyde starch nanoparticles opens up a new option for topical administration of antibiotics. We believe its properties can be considered a new dressing for infectious wounds by reducing infection associated with controlled drug delivery.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
载万古霉素蚕丝/双醛淀粉纳米粒抗菌伤口敷料的制备及评价
受感染的伤口得不到治疗的主要原因之一是抗生素耐药细菌主要引起感染。万古霉素是一种用于对抗革兰氏阳性菌（例如 MRSA）的抗生素，但由于其毒性，静脉内使用受到限制。本研究描述了在伤口部位使用局部药物输送方法。目的是制备一种含有负载万古霉素的二醛淀粉纳米颗粒的丝绸敷料，可以通过抗生素的控制释放来治疗感染。首先，淀粉被高碘酸钠溶液氧化并转化为二醛淀粉。通过微乳液法将二醛淀粉转化为纳米颗粒。同时，随着纳米颗粒的形成，添加到溶液中的抗生素万古霉素 (VAN) 被加载到二醛淀粉纳米颗粒 (DASNP) 中。通过将含有抗生素的纳米颗粒添加到丝素蛋白 (SF) 溶液中制备伤口敷料 (SF/DASNP/VAN)，然后将含有纳米颗粒的溶液冷冻干燥，并将纳米颗粒置于丝基质内。通过浸泡在磷酸盐缓冲盐水中进行敷料的药物释放，并通过MTT法测定细胞毒性和通过抑菌圈法研究敷料的抗菌性能。评估了 SF/DASNP/VAN 敷料的形态、生物相容性、抗菌效率和抗生素释放动力学。合成的敷料具有所需的生物相容性，细胞活力为 69%，并显示出对 MRSA 的抗菌特性，生长抑制区直径为 12 mm。此外，VAN 成功地融入了敷料中，产生 144 小时的连续释放曲线。可以得出结论，基于蚕丝和双醛淀粉纳米颗粒制成的敷料为局部施用抗生素开辟了新的选择。我们相信它的特性可以被认为是一种新的感染性伤口敷料，可以减少与受控药物输送相关的感染。
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